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» Home » CAD » Oncology » Gastrointestinal Cancers » Colorectal Carcinoma
Background
Epidemiology
Anatomy
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Genetics
Prognostic Factors
Clinical History
Physical Examination
Age group
Associated comorbidity
Associated activity
Acuity of presentation
Differential Diagnoses
Laboratory Studies
Imaging Studies
Procedures
Histologic Findings
Staging
Treatment Paradigm
by Stage
by Modality
Chemotherapy
Radiation Therapy
Surgical Interventions
Hormone Therapy
Immunotherapy
Hyperthermia
Photodynamic Therapy
Stem Cell Transplant
Targeted Therapy
Palliative Care
Medication
Weekly Dose:
Initial Dose:
400
mg/m^2
Intravenous (IV)
over 2hrs, and Maintenance Dose:250 mg per m2 given IV over 1hr once a week
BIWEEKLY: 500 mg per m2 IV over 2hrs every two weeks
In Combination with Encorafenib:
400 mg per m2 IV is taken as the initial dose over 2hrs, and the Maintenance Dose is 250 mg per m2 IV over 1hr once a week until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity seen
comments:
Cetuximab with or without Irinotecan or FOLFIRI (irinotecan, fluorouracil, leucovorin), and this should be taken weekly or biweekly
Hence continue the treatment until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity observed
8
mg/kg
Solution
Intravenous (IV)
every 2 weeks
1
hr
Continue the therapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs If the 1st infusion is tolerable, then go with subsequent infusions given over 30 minutes
6
mg/kg
Solution
Intravenous (IV)
every 2 weeks
ipilimumab 1 mg per kg given IV over 30 minutes every 3 weeks with nivolumab 3 mg per kg given IV over 30 minutes on the same day for 4 doses
After completing four doses of combination, nivolumab is given as a single agent
Continue the therapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs
0.25
mg/kg
once a day
Intra-arterial continuous infusion for 14 days for a cycle of 5 weeks, continue for 6 cycles with dexamethasone and heparin
Start floxuridine therapy 2 weeks after 6 cycles of fluorouracil and leucovorin
Dose Adjustments
Reduce the dose by 20% of the usual dose for the following conditions:
o Serum bilirubin 1.2 x ULN or alkaline phosphatase 1.2 x ULN
o Baseline AST is 3 to <4 times the baseline value
Reduce the dose by 50% of the usual dose for the following conditions:
o Serum bilirubin 1.5 x ULN or alkaline phosphatase 1.5 x ULN
o AST is 4 to <5 times the baseline value
Discontinue the dose if any of the following adverse reactions appear:
o White blood count < 3,500/mm3
o Platelet count <1,00,000/mm3
o Vomiting, diarrhea or gastrointestinal bleeding/ulceration
Age: >50 years
75-100 mg orally daily
400 mg/m² of intravenous pyelogram on 1st day,
then 2400-3000 mg/m² intravenously as a continuous infusion for 46 hours every 2 weeks combined with leucovorin and/or oxaliplatin/irinotecan
regorafenib is indicated to treat metastatic colorectal cancer in patients who have undergone fluoropyrimidine- / oxaliplatin- / irinotecan-based chemotherapy
A dose of 40 mg is administered four times daily for the initial 21 days of every 28-day cycle
The medication is continued until the disease is reduced to acceptable toxicity
Indicated for metastatic colorectal cancer that is resistant to or has advanced after receiving oxaliplatin, it is recommended in conjunction with 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI):
4mg/kg intravenous every two weeks
On the day of therapy, give before any FOLFIRI regimen component
Advanced stage of colorectal carcinoma:
Day 1: 85 mg/m² Oxaliplatin Intravenous (IV) + 200 mg/m² leucovorin Intravenous (IV) infused over 2 hours
Following 5-FU 400 mg/m² Intravenous (IV) bolus over 2-4 minutes
Next 5-FU 600 mg/m² Intravenous (IV) infusion over 22 hours
Day 2: WITHOUT oxaliplatin following Same regimen
continue for every 2 weeks
Adjuvant stage III colon cancer:
Course is 12 cycles
continue every 2 weeks,with the above scheduled dose for 6 months
Tumour excision is followed by adjuvant therapy
Indicated for Colorectal Cancer
It is used as 1st line treatment (leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil) for CRC (metastatic colorectal cancer) and also used for progressed or recurred CRC after fluorouracil-based treatment
Monotherapy
Pre-treatment should be given to patients with antiemetic drugs
For patients who experience cholinergic symptoms, atropine is given
Schedule-1 (every week): 125 mg/m² Intravenously infused over 1 hour 30 min on days 1, 8, 15, 22 and after that, two weeks off, and then repeat it
Schedule-2 (one time every three weeks): 350 mg/m² Intravenously infused over 30-90 min every 3 weeks
As per protocol, adjust the dose
Combination therapy
Pre-treatment should be given to patients with antiemetic drugs
For patients who experience cholinergic symptoms, atropine is given
Schedule-1 (Six weeks cycle) infusion with the leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil: 180 mg/m² Intravenously infused over 30-90 min one time on days 1,15,29 after that, infused with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin; on day-43 next cycle starts
Schedule-2 (Six weeks cycle) bolus with the leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil: 125 mg/m² on days 1,8,15,22 (infused over 90 minutes); after that, bolus dose with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin
As per protocol, adjust the dose
Indicated for Advanced colorectal cancer
Three daily divided doses of 300 mg/m2 tegafur in combination with 672 mg/m2 uracil orally with calcium folinate
These doses are administered over a 28-day cycle, followed by a seven-day treatment-free interval
Safety and efficacy not studied
Age:>12yrs
ipilimumab 1 mg per kg given IV over 30 minutes every 3 weeks with nivolumab 3 mg per kg given IV over 30 minutes on the same day for 4 doses
After completing four doses of combination, nivolumab is given as a single agent.
Continue the therapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs.
Safety and efficacy not established in pediatrics
Future Trends
References
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» Home » CAD » Oncology » Gastrointestinal Cancers » Colorectal Carcinoma
Weekly Dose:
Initial Dose:
400
mg/m^2
Intravenous (IV)
over 2hrs, and Maintenance Dose:250 mg per m2 given IV over 1hr once a week
BIWEEKLY: 500 mg per m2 IV over 2hrs every two weeks
In Combination with Encorafenib:
400 mg per m2 IV is taken as the initial dose over 2hrs, and the Maintenance Dose is 250 mg per m2 IV over 1hr once a week until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity seen
comments:
Cetuximab with or without Irinotecan or FOLFIRI (irinotecan, fluorouracil, leucovorin), and this should be taken weekly or biweekly
Hence continue the treatment until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity observed
8
mg/kg
Solution
Intravenous (IV)
every 2 weeks
1
hr
Continue the therapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs If the 1st infusion is tolerable, then go with subsequent infusions given over 30 minutes
6
mg/kg
Solution
Intravenous (IV)
every 2 weeks
ipilimumab 1 mg per kg given IV over 30 minutes every 3 weeks with nivolumab 3 mg per kg given IV over 30 minutes on the same day for 4 doses
After completing four doses of combination, nivolumab is given as a single agent
Continue the therapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs
0.25
mg/kg
once a day
Intra-arterial continuous infusion for 14 days for a cycle of 5 weeks, continue for 6 cycles with dexamethasone and heparin
Start floxuridine therapy 2 weeks after 6 cycles of fluorouracil and leucovorin
Dose Adjustments
Reduce the dose by 20% of the usual dose for the following conditions:
o Serum bilirubin 1.2 x ULN or alkaline phosphatase 1.2 x ULN
o Baseline AST is 3 to <4 times the baseline value
Reduce the dose by 50% of the usual dose for the following conditions:
o Serum bilirubin 1.5 x ULN or alkaline phosphatase 1.5 x ULN
o AST is 4 to <5 times the baseline value
Discontinue the dose if any of the following adverse reactions appear:
o White blood count < 3,500/mm3
o Platelet count <1,00,000/mm3
o Vomiting, diarrhea or gastrointestinal bleeding/ulceration
Age: >50 years
75-100 mg orally daily
400 mg/m² of intravenous pyelogram on 1st day,
then 2400-3000 mg/m² intravenously as a continuous infusion for 46 hours every 2 weeks combined with leucovorin and/or oxaliplatin/irinotecan
regorafenib is indicated to treat metastatic colorectal cancer in patients who have undergone fluoropyrimidine- / oxaliplatin- / irinotecan-based chemotherapy
A dose of 40 mg is administered four times daily for the initial 21 days of every 28-day cycle
The medication is continued until the disease is reduced to acceptable toxicity
Indicated for metastatic colorectal cancer that is resistant to or has advanced after receiving oxaliplatin, it is recommended in conjunction with 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI):
4mg/kg intravenous every two weeks
On the day of therapy, give before any FOLFIRI regimen component
Advanced stage of colorectal carcinoma:
Day 1: 85 mg/m² Oxaliplatin Intravenous (IV) + 200 mg/m² leucovorin Intravenous (IV) infused over 2 hours
Following 5-FU 400 mg/m² Intravenous (IV) bolus over 2-4 minutes
Next 5-FU 600 mg/m² Intravenous (IV) infusion over 22 hours
Day 2: WITHOUT oxaliplatin following Same regimen
continue for every 2 weeks
Adjuvant stage III colon cancer:
Course is 12 cycles
continue every 2 weeks,with the above scheduled dose for 6 months
Tumour excision is followed by adjuvant therapy
Indicated for Colorectal Cancer
It is used as 1st line treatment (leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil) for CRC (metastatic colorectal cancer) and also used for progressed or recurred CRC after fluorouracil-based treatment
Monotherapy
Pre-treatment should be given to patients with antiemetic drugs
For patients who experience cholinergic symptoms, atropine is given
Schedule-1 (every week): 125 mg/m² Intravenously infused over 1 hour 30 min on days 1, 8, 15, 22 and after that, two weeks off, and then repeat it
Schedule-2 (one time every three weeks): 350 mg/m² Intravenously infused over 30-90 min every 3 weeks
As per protocol, adjust the dose
Combination therapy
Pre-treatment should be given to patients with antiemetic drugs
For patients who experience cholinergic symptoms, atropine is given
Schedule-1 (Six weeks cycle) infusion with the leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil: 180 mg/m² Intravenously infused over 30-90 min one time on days 1,15,29 after that, infused with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin; on day-43 next cycle starts
Schedule-2 (Six weeks cycle) bolus with the leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil: 125 mg/m² on days 1,8,15,22 (infused over 90 minutes); after that, bolus dose with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin
As per protocol, adjust the dose
Indicated for Advanced colorectal cancer
Three daily divided doses of 300 mg/m2 tegafur in combination with 672 mg/m2 uracil orally with calcium folinate
These doses are administered over a 28-day cycle, followed by a seven-day treatment-free interval
Safety and efficacy not studied
Age:>12yrs
ipilimumab 1 mg per kg given IV over 30 minutes every 3 weeks with nivolumab 3 mg per kg given IV over 30 minutes on the same day for 4 doses
After completing four doses of combination, nivolumab is given as a single agent.
Continue the therapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs.
Safety and efficacy not established in pediatrics
Refer adult dosing
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