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Hypoglycemia

Updated : September 3, 2022





Background

Epidemiology

Anatomy

Pathophysiology

Etiology

Genetics

Prognostic Factors

Clinical History

Physical Examination

Age group

Associated comorbidity

Associated activity

Acuity of presentation

Differential Diagnoses

Laboratory Studies

Imaging Studies

Procedures

Histologic Findings

Staging

Treatment Paradigm

by Stage

by Modality

Chemotherapy

Radiation Therapy

Surgical Interventions

Hormone Therapy

Immunotherapy

Hyperthermia

Photodynamic Therapy

Stem Cell Transplant

Targeted Therapy

Palliative Care

Medication

 

chromium 

200 mcg orally every day



dextrose 

Administer 10 to 25 g intravenously
Take 4 to 20 g orally as a one-time dosage and can be administered again after 15 minutes if personal blood glucose monitoring indicates persistent low blood sugar levels



diazoxide 

The initial oral dosage is 3 mg/kg daily, divided into doses every 8 to 12 hours
Typically, the dose range is between 3 to 8 mg/kg each day
Individuals experiencing refractory hypoglycemia might necessitate elevated dosage levels



instant glucose/intravenous dextrose 

Administer dose of 10 to 25 g intravenously
Take 15 to 20 g orally as a single dose and repeat again in 15 minutes if self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) showing continuous hypoglycemia
Glucose tolerance test
One step:
Take 75 g orally as single dose to a fasting patient
Evaluate plasma glucose levels two hours after administration in nonpregnant individuals or one and two hours after administration in pregnant females
For Pregnant women:
First step:
Take 50 g orally as a single dose to a non-fasting patient
Evaluate plasma glucose levels one hour after administration, if levels are equal to or greater than 130 mg/dl, continue with the 100 g oral glucose tolerance test
Second step:
Take 100 g orally as a single dose to a fasting patient
Evaluate plasma glucose levels at one, two, and three hours after dose



 

chromium 

200 mcg orally every day



dextrose 

For less than 6 months:
0.25 to 0.5 g/kg/dose intravenously and maximum limit of 25 g for one dose.
For Infants more than 6 months and children:
0.5 to 1 g/kg/dose intravenously and maximum limit of 25 g for one dose
For adolescents:
Administer 10 to 25 g intravenously
Take 4 to 20 g orally as a one-time dosage and can be administered again after 15 minutes if personal blood glucose monitoring indicates persistent low blood sugar levels



diazoxide 

Neonate/infant: Initially, 10 mg/kg orally daily divided every 8 hours
Typical dose ranges from 8-15 mg/kg orally daily divided every 8-12 hours
Children: initially 3 mg/kg orally divided every 8 hours
typical dose range is from 3-8 mg/kg orally daily divided every 8-12 hours



instant glucose/intravenous dextrose 

For Infants and Children (Dextrose 25% solution)
Administer dose of 0.5 to 1 g/kg intravenously and Intraosseous
Maximum dose not more than 25 g
For Adolescents (Dextrose 50% solutions):
Administer dose of 0.5 to 1 g/kg intravenously and Intraosseous
Maximum dose not more than 25 g
For Children and Adolescents:
Take dose of 0.3 g/kg orally as a single dose
Maximum dose not more than 15 to 20 g



 

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References

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Hypoglycemia

Updated : September 3, 2022




chromium 

200 mcg orally every day



dextrose 

Administer 10 to 25 g intravenously
Take 4 to 20 g orally as a one-time dosage and can be administered again after 15 minutes if personal blood glucose monitoring indicates persistent low blood sugar levels



diazoxide 

The initial oral dosage is 3 mg/kg daily, divided into doses every 8 to 12 hours
Typically, the dose range is between 3 to 8 mg/kg each day
Individuals experiencing refractory hypoglycemia might necessitate elevated dosage levels



instant glucose/intravenous dextrose 

Administer dose of 10 to 25 g intravenously
Take 15 to 20 g orally as a single dose and repeat again in 15 minutes if self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) showing continuous hypoglycemia
Glucose tolerance test
One step:
Take 75 g orally as single dose to a fasting patient
Evaluate plasma glucose levels two hours after administration in nonpregnant individuals or one and two hours after administration in pregnant females
For Pregnant women:
First step:
Take 50 g orally as a single dose to a non-fasting patient
Evaluate plasma glucose levels one hour after administration, if levels are equal to or greater than 130 mg/dl, continue with the 100 g oral glucose tolerance test
Second step:
Take 100 g orally as a single dose to a fasting patient
Evaluate plasma glucose levels at one, two, and three hours after dose



chromium 

200 mcg orally every day



dextrose 

For less than 6 months:
0.25 to 0.5 g/kg/dose intravenously and maximum limit of 25 g for one dose.
For Infants more than 6 months and children:
0.5 to 1 g/kg/dose intravenously and maximum limit of 25 g for one dose
For adolescents:
Administer 10 to 25 g intravenously
Take 4 to 20 g orally as a one-time dosage and can be administered again after 15 minutes if personal blood glucose monitoring indicates persistent low blood sugar levels



diazoxide 

Neonate/infant: Initially, 10 mg/kg orally daily divided every 8 hours
Typical dose ranges from 8-15 mg/kg orally daily divided every 8-12 hours
Children: initially 3 mg/kg orally divided every 8 hours
typical dose range is from 3-8 mg/kg orally daily divided every 8-12 hours



instant glucose/intravenous dextrose 

For Infants and Children (Dextrose 25% solution)
Administer dose of 0.5 to 1 g/kg intravenously and Intraosseous
Maximum dose not more than 25 g
For Adolescents (Dextrose 50% solutions):
Administer dose of 0.5 to 1 g/kg intravenously and Intraosseous
Maximum dose not more than 25 g
For Children and Adolescents:
Take dose of 0.3 g/kg orally as a single dose
Maximum dose not more than 15 to 20 g



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