Insulinoma is a sort of functional neuroendocrine tumor characterized by hypoglycemia caused by excessive insulin production.
It typically manifests as a single benign tumor; however, it can occasionally be coupled with type 1 multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN1 syndrome).
Patients with insulinoma experience hypoglycemic episodes, most commonly fasting hypoglycemia. Insulinoma is typically diagnosed through biochemical testing when clinical suspicion is high.
Surgical removal is the preferred method of treatment. Prior to surgical resection, it is essential to properly describe the tumor using imaging localization. Additional treatment options may be considered after evaluating the stage and severity of the tumor.
Epidemiology
Insulinoma is a very rare malignancy, which annually affects only 1-4 individuals per million. Although they are generally benign, 5.8% of insulinomas are cancerous.
6%-7.6% of insulinomas are related with MEN1 syndrome, and in 7% of cases, it coexists with other benign tumors. On average, surgical diagnosis of this condition occurs between the ages of 47 and 50.
Anatomy
Pathophysiology
Etiology
A definite understanding of insulinoma etiology is absent. Normally, a high plasma glucose content would stimulate the beta cells of the pancreas to secrete insulin, and vice versa.
In individuals with insulinoma, insulin secretion occurs even at low concentrations of plasma glucose. The hyperinsulinemia could be caused by an insulin splice variation that upregulates the translation process.
Once the intracellular insulin reservoir is full, insulin is secreted into the bloodstream. Hypoglycemia is caused by hyperinsulinemia’s enhanced glycogen production, decreased gluconeogenesis, and glycogenolysis.
MEN1 is a condition marked by a susceptibility to a few malignancies, such as enteropancreatic, pituitary, and parathyroid tumors.
In the majority of cases where insulinomas are related with MEN1, it is associated with a mutation of the MEN1 gene on chromosome 11q13.
Genetics
Prognostic Factors
Following successful surgical removal, the 10-year survival rate for insulinoma patients is a solid 88%, and 87.5% of patients are cured after surgery, although there is a chance of remission.
After successful surgical resection, the 10-year survival rate for malignant insulinomas was much lower at 29% in one investigation, and 24 percent in another.
In cases where the insulinoma is associated with MEN1 syndrome, there is a greater risk of initial surgery failure and recurrence of illness.
Malignant insulinomas also present similar risks. Patients with MEN1 have a recurrence rate of around 21% after 10-20 years, while those without MEN1 have a 5% recurrence rate after 10 years, and around 7% after 20 years.
Clinical History
Physical Examination
Age group
Associated comorbidity
Associated activity
Acuity of presentation
Differential Diagnoses
Laboratory Studies
Imaging Studies
Procedures
Histologic Findings
Staging
Treatment Paradigm
by Stage
by Modality
Chemotherapy
Radiation Therapy
Surgical Interventions
Hormone Therapy
Immunotherapy
Hyperthermia
Photodynamic Therapy
Stem Cell Transplant
Targeted Therapy
Palliative Care
Medication
Future Trends
Media Gallary
References
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544299/
News
Octopus-Inspired Patches Might Be A Pain-Free Alternative to Injections
Posted on
News
Feminist Cancer Care Approach Aims to Save 800,000 Lives Annually
Posted on
News
Breast Lifts Soar in Popularity Among Women
Posted on
News
Researchers Raise Concern on Alcohol Promotion in Sports
Insulinoma is a sort of functional neuroendocrine tumor characterized by hypoglycemia caused by excessive insulin production.
It typically manifests as a single benign tumor; however, it can occasionally be coupled with type 1 multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN1 syndrome).
Patients with insulinoma experience hypoglycemic episodes, most commonly fasting hypoglycemia. Insulinoma is typically diagnosed through biochemical testing when clinical suspicion is high.
Surgical removal is the preferred method of treatment. Prior to surgical resection, it is essential to properly describe the tumor using imaging localization. Additional treatment options may be considered after evaluating the stage and severity of the tumor.
Insulinoma is a very rare malignancy, which annually affects only 1-4 individuals per million. Although they are generally benign, 5.8% of insulinomas are cancerous.
6%-7.6% of insulinomas are related with MEN1 syndrome, and in 7% of cases, it coexists with other benign tumors. On average, surgical diagnosis of this condition occurs between the ages of 47 and 50.
A definite understanding of insulinoma etiology is absent. Normally, a high plasma glucose content would stimulate the beta cells of the pancreas to secrete insulin, and vice versa.
In individuals with insulinoma, insulin secretion occurs even at low concentrations of plasma glucose. The hyperinsulinemia could be caused by an insulin splice variation that upregulates the translation process.
Once the intracellular insulin reservoir is full, insulin is secreted into the bloodstream. Hypoglycemia is caused by hyperinsulinemia’s enhanced glycogen production, decreased gluconeogenesis, and glycogenolysis.
MEN1 is a condition marked by a susceptibility to a few malignancies, such as enteropancreatic, pituitary, and parathyroid tumors.
In the majority of cases where insulinomas are related with MEN1, it is associated with a mutation of the MEN1 gene on chromosome 11q13.
Following successful surgical removal, the 10-year survival rate for insulinoma patients is a solid 88%, and 87.5% of patients are cured after surgery, although there is a chance of remission.
After successful surgical resection, the 10-year survival rate for malignant insulinomas was much lower at 29% in one investigation, and 24 percent in another.
In cases where the insulinoma is associated with MEN1 syndrome, there is a greater risk of initial surgery failure and recurrence of illness.
Malignant insulinomas also present similar risks. Patients with MEN1 have a recurrence rate of around 21% after 10-20 years, while those without MEN1 have a 5% recurrence rate after 10 years, and around 7% after 20 years.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544299/
medtigo
Insulinoma
Updated :
September 3, 2022
Insulinoma is a sort of functional neuroendocrine tumor characterized by hypoglycemia caused by excessive insulin production.
It typically manifests as a single benign tumor; however, it can occasionally be coupled with type 1 multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN1 syndrome).
Patients with insulinoma experience hypoglycemic episodes, most commonly fasting hypoglycemia. Insulinoma is typically diagnosed through biochemical testing when clinical suspicion is high.
Surgical removal is the preferred method of treatment. Prior to surgical resection, it is essential to properly describe the tumor using imaging localization. Additional treatment options may be considered after evaluating the stage and severity of the tumor.
Insulinoma is a very rare malignancy, which annually affects only 1-4 individuals per million. Although they are generally benign, 5.8% of insulinomas are cancerous.
6%-7.6% of insulinomas are related with MEN1 syndrome, and in 7% of cases, it coexists with other benign tumors. On average, surgical diagnosis of this condition occurs between the ages of 47 and 50.
A definite understanding of insulinoma etiology is absent. Normally, a high plasma glucose content would stimulate the beta cells of the pancreas to secrete insulin, and vice versa.
In individuals with insulinoma, insulin secretion occurs even at low concentrations of plasma glucose. The hyperinsulinemia could be caused by an insulin splice variation that upregulates the translation process.
Once the intracellular insulin reservoir is full, insulin is secreted into the bloodstream. Hypoglycemia is caused by hyperinsulinemia’s enhanced glycogen production, decreased gluconeogenesis, and glycogenolysis.
MEN1 is a condition marked by a susceptibility to a few malignancies, such as enteropancreatic, pituitary, and parathyroid tumors.
In the majority of cases where insulinomas are related with MEN1, it is associated with a mutation of the MEN1 gene on chromosome 11q13.
Following successful surgical removal, the 10-year survival rate for insulinoma patients is a solid 88%, and 87.5% of patients are cured after surgery, although there is a chance of remission.
After successful surgical resection, the 10-year survival rate for malignant insulinomas was much lower at 29% in one investigation, and 24 percent in another.
In cases where the insulinoma is associated with MEN1 syndrome, there is a greater risk of initial surgery failure and recurrence of illness.
Malignant insulinomas also present similar risks. Patients with MEN1 have a recurrence rate of around 21% after 10-20 years, while those without MEN1 have a 5% recurrence rate after 10 years, and around 7% after 20 years.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544299/
Free CME credits
Both our subscription plans include Free CME/CPD AMA PRA Category 1 credits.
Digital Certificate PDF
On course completion, you will receive a full-sized presentation quality digital certificate.
medtigo Simulation
A dynamic medical simulation platform designed to train healthcare professionals and students to effectively run code situations through an immersive hands-on experience in a live, interactive 3D environment.
medtigo Points
medtigo points is our unique point redemption system created to award users for interacting on our site. These points can be redeemed for special discounts on the medtigo marketplace as well as towards the membership cost itself.
Community Forum post/reply = 5 points
*Redemption of points can occur only through the medtigo marketplace, courses, or simulation system. Money will not be credited to your bank account. 10 points = $1.
All Your Certificates in One Place
When you have your licenses, certificates and CMEs in one place, it's easier to track your career growth. You can easily share these with hospitals as well, using your medtigo app.
