Internal Contamination

Updated: June 27, 2024

Background

Epidemiology

Anatomy

Pathophysiology

Etiology

Genetics

Prognostic Factors

Clinical History

Physical Examination

Age group

Associated comorbidity

Associated activity

Acuity of presentation

Differential Diagnoses

Laboratory Studies

Imaging Studies

Procedures

Histologic Findings

Staging

Treatment Paradigm

by Stage

by Modality

Chemotherapy

Radiation Therapy

Surgical Interventions

Hormone Therapy

Immunotherapy

Hyperthermia

Photodynamic Therapy

Stem Cell Transplant

Targeted Therapy

Palliative Care

Medication

pentetate calcium trisodium

Internal Contamination
Indicated for contamination of curium radionuclides, americium, or plutonium
1 gm slow intravenously over 3-4 min
Or
Intravenous infusion (100-250 mL D5W/LR/NS)
Or
Nebulizer inhalation (1:1 with saline or water)
Intravenous administration, Should not exceed more than 2 hr
Coadministration with 1-2% procaine may ease injection site pain; if the intravenous route is not practical, administer undiluted by intramuscular route (off-label)
After the initial decontamination process, normally switch to less potent, less toxic Zn-DTPA as necessarily
Administer upto 5 days to week every day for repeat doses

diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid

Take initial dose intravenously of 1 g daily
Take maintenance dose intravenously of 1 g daily
Dosing modifications
Renal Impairment
Dose modification not required
Hepatic impairment
Dose modification not required

pentetate calcium trisodium

Indicated for Internal Contamination
Age <12 years
Initial dose: 14 mg/kg intravenously every day, Should not exceed 1 gm in a day
Maintenance dose: 14 mg/kg intravenously every day, Should not exceed 1 gm in a day
Age >12 years
Refer to adult dosing

diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid

For <12 years:
Take initial dose on day 1 intravenously 14 mg/kg one time a day
Take maintenance dose on day 2 intravenously 14 mg/kg one time a day
Maximum daily dose not more than 1000 mg
For ≥12 years and Adolescents:
Take initial dose on day 1 intravenously 1000 mg one time a day
Take maintenance dose on day 2 intravenously 1000 mg one time a day
Start next day after the first dose administered

Future Trends