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Ovarian Carcinoma

Updated : April 27, 2022





Background

Epidemiology

Anatomy

Pathophysiology

Etiology

Genetics

Prognostic Factors

Clinical History

Physical Examination

Age group

Associated comorbidity

Associated activity

Acuity of presentation

Differential Diagnoses

Laboratory Studies

Imaging Studies

Procedures

Histologic Findings

Staging

Treatment Paradigm

by Stage

by Modality

Chemotherapy

Radiation Therapy

Surgical Interventions

Hormone Therapy

Immunotherapy

Hyperthermia

Photodynamic Therapy

Stem Cell Transplant

Targeted Therapy

Palliative Care

Medication

 

melphalan

0.2

mg/kg

Orally

once a day

4 - 5

weeks

; depending on hematologic tolerance repeat for 4-5Weeks



thiotepa

0.3 - 0.4

mg/kg

Intravenous (IV)

1 - 4

weeks



paclitaxel

untreated patients:

175

mg/m^2

Intravenous (IV)

Over 3 hr

given over 3hrs followed by cisplatin 75 mg per m2 IV for every three weeks or else 135 mg per m2 IV given 24hrs followed by cisplatin 75 mg per m2 IV every three weeks.
patients previously treated: 135 mg per m2 IV over 3hrs for every three weeks or else 175 mg per m2 IV over 3hrs for every three weeks



topotecan

1.5

mg/m^2

Intravenous (IV)

over 30 minutes once a day for five consecutive days of a 21-day course
2.3 mg/m2 orally given once a day for 1-5 consecutive days of a 21-day course



anastrozole

1

mg

Orally 

once a day

until disease progression



trametinib

2

mg

oral

once a day

as a single agent or in combination with dabrafenib



niraparib

300

mg

Orally

once a day

Continue the treatment till the disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs
Note:
Applicable for maintenance therapy, I.e., fallopian tube, recurrent epithelial ovarian, and peritoneal cancer who are in complete/partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy



mirvetuximab soravtansine 

6

mg/kg

Solution

Intravenous (IV)

every 3 weeks


continue until disease progress



gemcitabine 

Indicated combined with carboplatin to treat advanced ovarian cancer that relapsed 6 months later the completion of platinum-based therapy
1000 mg/m² intravenously for 30 minutes on 1st and 8th day of a 21-day cycle
It should be given with carboplatin when AUC is 4 on 1st day later gemcitabine



olaparib 

Recurrent ovarian cancer
300 mg of the drug in the form of tablets is administered orally twice daily to patients with recurrent and advanced ovarian cancer
Continue the drug therapy until the disease reduces to unacceptable toxicity

Advanced ovarian cancer
Monotherapy
300 mg orally twice daily
Continue the treatment until unacceptable toxicity, disease progression, or completion of 2 years
After 2 years, if no radiologic evidence is seen, stop the treatment. If the disease persists, continue the treatment
Combination therapy
300 mg olaparib orally twice daily plus bevacizumab 15 mg/kg intravenously every 3 weeks for a total of 15 months
Continue the treatment until unacceptable toxicity, disease progression, or completion of 2 years



rucaparib 

rucaparib is a therapeutic agent for the treatment of ovarian cancer (recurrent epithelial, fallopian tube, peritoneal) in women who have taken complete or partial platinum-based chemotherapy
A dose of 600 mg is administered orally twice daily
The medication is continued until the disease is reduced to acceptable toxicity In case of adverse reactions, the dose is modified or reduced
The pattern of dose reduction goes like this
First dose reduction: 500 mg daily (two tablets of 250 mg per day)
Second dose reduction: 400 mg daily (two tablets of 200 mg per day)
Third dose reduction: 300 mg daily (one tablet of 300 mg per day)



abiraterone acetate and niraparib 

Administer 1000mg/200mg of abiraterone acetate/niraparib orally everyday along with 10mg of prednisone orally every day.
Continue until the condition progresses or the toxicity becomes intolerable.



Dose Adjustments

Hemoglobin <8g/dL
When Hgb is more than nine g/dL, refrain from it for up to 28 days while monitoring blood levels weekly.
Resuming at a lower dosage of 1,000 mg abiraterone acetate/100 mg niraparib orally every day.

Platelet counts <100,000/mcL
First Occurrence
Hold off for up to 28 days while checking blood counts weekly until platelet counts reach 100,000/mcL.
Continually provide 100 mg of niraparib and 1,000 mg of abiraterone daily.
If the platelet count falls below 75,000/mcL, restart at a lower dosage of 1,000 mg abiraterone /100 mg niraparib daily.

Second Occurrence
Hold off for up to 28 days while checking blood counts weekly until platelet counts reach 100,000/mcL.
Continually provide 100 mg of niraparib and 1,000 mg of abiraterone daily.
If the platelet count has not improved to a safe level within 28 days of the dosage interruption interval or if the dose has already been decreased to 1,000 mg abiraterone/100 mg niraparib orally daily, the medication should be permanently discontinued.

Neutrophil <1,000/mcL
Withhold blood counts and check them monthly until neutrophil counts rebound to 1,500/mcL.
Monitoring blood counts once per week for 28 days and as clinically necessary will be resumed at a lower dose of 1,000 mg abiraterone/100 mg niraparib per day.

Transfusion-required hematologic adverse event
Consider platelet transfusion if your platelet count is less than 10,000/mcL.
Consider stopping these medications and transfusions at a higher platelet count if there are other risk factors, such as coadministration of anticoagulants or antiplatelet medications.
Resume at a decreased dosage of 100 mg niraparib/1,000 mg abiraterone every day.

Hepatoxicity
Alanine transaminase (ALT) levels greater than five times the upper limit of normal (ULN) or total bilirubin levels greater than three times the ULN.
Withhold and keep a close eye on liver function.
niraparib/abiraterone at a decreased dose of 100 mg may be resumed when AST and ALT resolve to below 2.5x ULN and total bilirubin is below 1.5x ULN.
Monitor serum transaminases every two weeks for three months, then monthly afterward, and as clinically required.
Other non-hematologic adverse responses (Grade 3 or 4)
Despite medical treatment, the condition persists.
Withhold for up to 28 days or until the unpleasant response resolves.
You can restart at a lower dose if it clears up in 28 days.
If an adverse response persists after 28 days or a dosage decrease results in a Grade 3 or 4 adverse reaction, stop the medication permanently.

 
 

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References

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Ovarian Carcinoma

Updated : April 27, 2022




melphalan

0.2

mg/kg

Orally

once a day

4 - 5

weeks

; depending on hematologic tolerance repeat for 4-5Weeks



thiotepa

0.3 - 0.4

mg/kg

Intravenous (IV)

1 - 4

weeks



paclitaxel

untreated patients:

175

mg/m^2

Intravenous (IV)

Over 3 hr

given over 3hrs followed by cisplatin 75 mg per m2 IV for every three weeks or else 135 mg per m2 IV given 24hrs followed by cisplatin 75 mg per m2 IV every three weeks.
patients previously treated: 135 mg per m2 IV over 3hrs for every three weeks or else 175 mg per m2 IV over 3hrs for every three weeks



topotecan

1.5

mg/m^2

Intravenous (IV)

over 30 minutes once a day for five consecutive days of a 21-day course
2.3 mg/m2 orally given once a day for 1-5 consecutive days of a 21-day course



anastrozole

1

mg

Orally 

once a day

until disease progression



trametinib

2

mg

oral

once a day

as a single agent or in combination with dabrafenib



niraparib

300

mg

Orally

once a day

Continue the treatment till the disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs
Note:
Applicable for maintenance therapy, I.e., fallopian tube, recurrent epithelial ovarian, and peritoneal cancer who are in complete/partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy



mirvetuximab soravtansine 

6

mg/kg

Solution

Intravenous (IV)

every 3 weeks


continue until disease progress



gemcitabine 

Indicated combined with carboplatin to treat advanced ovarian cancer that relapsed 6 months later the completion of platinum-based therapy
1000 mg/m² intravenously for 30 minutes on 1st and 8th day of a 21-day cycle
It should be given with carboplatin when AUC is 4 on 1st day later gemcitabine



olaparib 

Recurrent ovarian cancer
300 mg of the drug in the form of tablets is administered orally twice daily to patients with recurrent and advanced ovarian cancer
Continue the drug therapy until the disease reduces to unacceptable toxicity

Advanced ovarian cancer
Monotherapy
300 mg orally twice daily
Continue the treatment until unacceptable toxicity, disease progression, or completion of 2 years
After 2 years, if no radiologic evidence is seen, stop the treatment. If the disease persists, continue the treatment
Combination therapy
300 mg olaparib orally twice daily plus bevacizumab 15 mg/kg intravenously every 3 weeks for a total of 15 months
Continue the treatment until unacceptable toxicity, disease progression, or completion of 2 years



rucaparib 

rucaparib is a therapeutic agent for the treatment of ovarian cancer (recurrent epithelial, fallopian tube, peritoneal) in women who have taken complete or partial platinum-based chemotherapy
A dose of 600 mg is administered orally twice daily
The medication is continued until the disease is reduced to acceptable toxicity In case of adverse reactions, the dose is modified or reduced
The pattern of dose reduction goes like this
First dose reduction: 500 mg daily (two tablets of 250 mg per day)
Second dose reduction: 400 mg daily (two tablets of 200 mg per day)
Third dose reduction: 300 mg daily (one tablet of 300 mg per day)



abiraterone acetate and niraparib 

Administer 1000mg/200mg of abiraterone acetate/niraparib orally everyday along with 10mg of prednisone orally every day.
Continue until the condition progresses or the toxicity becomes intolerable.



Dose Adjustments

Hemoglobin <8g/dL
When Hgb is more than nine g/dL, refrain from it for up to 28 days while monitoring blood levels weekly.
Resuming at a lower dosage of 1,000 mg abiraterone acetate/100 mg niraparib orally every day.

Platelet counts <100,000/mcL
First Occurrence
Hold off for up to 28 days while checking blood counts weekly until platelet counts reach 100,000/mcL.
Continually provide 100 mg of niraparib and 1,000 mg of abiraterone daily.
If the platelet count falls below 75,000/mcL, restart at a lower dosage of 1,000 mg abiraterone /100 mg niraparib daily.

Second Occurrence
Hold off for up to 28 days while checking blood counts weekly until platelet counts reach 100,000/mcL.
Continually provide 100 mg of niraparib and 1,000 mg of abiraterone daily.
If the platelet count has not improved to a safe level within 28 days of the dosage interruption interval or if the dose has already been decreased to 1,000 mg abiraterone/100 mg niraparib orally daily, the medication should be permanently discontinued.

Neutrophil <1,000/mcL
Withhold blood counts and check them monthly until neutrophil counts rebound to 1,500/mcL.
Monitoring blood counts once per week for 28 days and as clinically necessary will be resumed at a lower dose of 1,000 mg abiraterone/100 mg niraparib per day.

Transfusion-required hematologic adverse event
Consider platelet transfusion if your platelet count is less than 10,000/mcL.
Consider stopping these medications and transfusions at a higher platelet count if there are other risk factors, such as coadministration of anticoagulants or antiplatelet medications.
Resume at a decreased dosage of 100 mg niraparib/1,000 mg abiraterone every day.

Hepatoxicity
Alanine transaminase (ALT) levels greater than five times the upper limit of normal (ULN) or total bilirubin levels greater than three times the ULN.
Withhold and keep a close eye on liver function.
niraparib/abiraterone at a decreased dose of 100 mg may be resumed when AST and ALT resolve to below 2.5x ULN and total bilirubin is below 1.5x ULN.
Monitor serum transaminases every two weeks for three months, then monthly afterward, and as clinically required.
Other non-hematologic adverse responses (Grade 3 or 4)
Despite medical treatment, the condition persists.
Withhold for up to 28 days or until the unpleasant response resolves.
You can restart at a lower dose if it clears up in 28 days.
If an adverse response persists after 28 days or a dosage decrease results in a Grade 3 or 4 adverse reaction, stop the medication permanently.

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