aclidinium and formoterol

medtigo

aclidinium and formoterol

Brand Name :

Duaklir pressair

Synonyms :

aclidinium and formoterol

Class :

bronchodilator

Action and Spectrum

Mechanism of action

aclidinium is a long-acting antimuscarinic agent (LAMA) used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It works by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter, on muscarinic receptors in the airways, leading to smooth muscle relaxation and increased airflow. This helps relieve symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath in people with COPD.

On the other hand, formoterol is a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (LABA) used to treat asthma and COPD. It stimulates beta2-receptors on airway smooth muscle, causing relaxation and increasing airflow. This helps relieve symptoms such as shortness of breath and wheezing.

Spectrum

The combination of aclidinium and formoterol results in a broad spectrum of activity for treating COPD, with antimuscarinic and bronchodilator effects. This helps improve airflow obstruction and reduce bronchoconstriction in patients with COPD

Dosing & Uses

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency defined:

1-10%

Headache

Cough

Influenza

Insomnia

Dry mouth

Muscle spasms

Arthralgia

Urinary tract infections

Upper respiratory tract infections

Back pain

Sinusitis

Tooth abscess

Dizziness

Oropharyngeal pain

Musculoskeletal pain

Pain in extremity

Black Box Warning

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindications

aclidinium is contraindicated in individuals with hypersensitivity to the drug or its components. Additionally, its use is not recommended in patients with severe narrow-angle glaucoma, tachyarrhythmias, or urinary retention

formoterol is contraindicated in individuals with hypersensitivity to the drug or its components. It is also not recommended in patients with severe bronchospasms, such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), uncontrolled arrhythmias, or severe heart failure

Caution

aclidinium may cause side effects such as headache, nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, urinary tract infection, and dry mouth. It can also cause blurred vision, increased heart rate, and urinary retention, especially in patients with prostatic hyperplasia or bladder-neck obstruction.

formoterol may cause side effects such as tremors, headaches, palpitations, increased heart rate, and nervousness. In some cases, formoterol may worsen asthma symptoms, increase the risk of asthma-related hospitalization, and even cause life-threatening asthma episodes.

Both aclidinium and formoterol can interact with other medications and medical conditions. Patients should always inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking and any medical conditions they have before using these drugs

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration: Insufficient data available

Lactation: Excretion of the drug in human breast milk is unknown

Pregnancy category:

Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.

Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.

Category D: adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category

Pharmacology

Pharmacology

aclidinium is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist that works by blocking the action of acetylcholine on muscarinic receptors in the airways, leading to smooth muscle relaxation and increased air flow. formoterol, on the other hand, is a long-acting selective beta-2 agonist that works by stimulating beta2-receptors on airway smooth muscle, causing relaxation and increasing airflow. Both aclidinium and formoterol are used for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma to help relieve symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath

Pharmacodynamics

aclidinium is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) that blocks the muscarinic receptors in the lungs. This results in the relaxation of airway smooth muscle, leading to improved lung function and reduced bronchoconstriction in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

formoterol is a long-acting beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist (LABA) that stimulates beta2-adrenergic receptors in the lungs. This leads to the relaxation of airway smooth muscle, resulting in improved lung function and relief of bronchoconstriction in individuals with asthma or COPD

When aclidinium and formoterol are combined, they work together to provide dual bronchodilation and improved lung function in individuals with COPD

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: aclidinium is rapidly absorbed after inhalation, with peak plasma concentration achieved within 5 minutes. On the other hand, formoterol has a slower absorption rate, with peak plasma concentration achieved at 17 pg/mL

Distribution: The volume of distribution (Vd) of aclidinium is 300 L after an IV dose of 400 mcg. formoterol has a protein binding of 46% (RR enantiomer) and 58% (SS enantiomer) after inhalation of a 54 mcg dose

Metabolism: aclidinium is rapidly and extensively hydrolyzed in plasma to inactive derivatives. formoterol is primarily metabolized by direct glucuronidation and O-demethylation, followed by conjugation to inactive metabolites. CYP2D6 and CYP2C are identified as the main enzymes responsible for their O-demethylation

Elimination/Excretion: aclidinium has a half-life of approximately 12 hours and is excreted mainly through urine (54-65%) and feces (20-33%). formoterol is excreted mainly through urine (62%) and feces (24%)

Adminstartion

Administration

aclidinium is available as an inhaled powder in a single-dose device and is used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways to improve breathing and reduce symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath

formoterol, on the other hand, is a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (LABA) that is used as a bronchodilator to treat asthma and COPD. It works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways, allowing for easier breathing. Formoterol is available as an inhaled powder or solution and may be used with other medications, such as corticosteroids, to manage symptoms of asthma or COPD

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet

Generic Name: aclidinium and formoterol

Pronounced: [ A-kli-DIN-ee-um-and-for-MOE-ter-ol ]

Why do we use aclidinium and formoterol?

aclidinium is a medication used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a progressive lung disease that includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema. It works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways, improving breathing, and reducing symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath.
formoterol is a medication used to treat asthma and COPD. It is a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (LABA) that relaxes the smooth muscles in the airways, allowing for easier breathing. Formoterol is usually used in combination with other medications, such as corticosteroids, to manage symptoms of asthma or COPD and to prevent attacks of breathlessness.

aclidinium and formoterol

No data available for drug.

DRUG INTERACTION

aclidinium and formoterol

&

aclidinium and formoterol +

Contraindicated

Serious Use Alternative

Monitor Closely

Minor

aclidinium and formoterol

No data available for drug.

DRUG INTERACTION

aclidinium and formoterol

&

aclidinium and formoterol +

Contraindicated

Serious Use Alternative

Monitor Closely

Minor

medtigo

aclidinium and formoterol

Brand Name :

Synonyms :

Class :

Action and Spectrum

Dosing & Uses

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Black Box Warning

Contraindication / Caution

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pharmacology

Adminstartion

Patient Information Leaflet

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