- May 9, 2022
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Brand Name :
Hexalen
Synonyms :
altretamine
Class :
Antineoplastics
Dosing forms and strengths
Capsule
(50 mg)
Safety and efficacy is not well established.
Refer adult Dosing
myelosuppressive agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of BCG
may reduce the effect of altretamine
l-methylfolate-pyridoxal 5′-phosphate-methylcobalamine
may reduce the effect of altretamine
It may enhance the serum concentration when combined with alkalinizing agents
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Ethylenimine
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Ethylenimine
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Ethylenimine
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Ethylenimine
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Ethylenimine
it may increase the level of serum concentration of memantine
myelosuppressive Agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of clozapine
myelosuppressive Agents may enhance the myelosuppressive effect of Olaparib
myelosuppressive Agents may enhance the neutropenic effect of deferiprone
may enhance the effect of myelosuppressive agents
may enhance the effect of myelosuppressive agents
It may enhance the serum concentration when combined with alkalinizing agents
It may diminish the excretion when combined with alkalinizing agents
It may enhance the serum concentration when combined with alkalinizing agents
It may enhance the serum concentration when combined with alkalinizing agents
It may enhance the serum concentration when combined with alkalinizing agents
It may enhance the serum concentration when combined with alkalinizing agents
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Estrogens
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Estrogens
bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Estrogens
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Estrogens
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Estrogens
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Ergot alkaloids
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Ergot alkaloids
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Ergot alkaloids
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Ergot alkaloids
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Ergot alkaloids
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Endothelin receptor antagonists
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Endothelin receptor antagonists
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Endothelin receptor antagonists
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Estrogens
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with Estrogens
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with Ethylenimine
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with Ethylenimine
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with Ethylenimine
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with Ethylenimine
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with Ethylenimine
Actions and Spectrum:
The spectrum of altretamine is limited to treating of ovarian cancer, and it is ineffective against other types of cancers.
The action of altretamine is cytotoxic, which means that it kills cells. It works by inhibiting the enzymes responsible for DNA synthesis, which prevents cancer cells from dividing and growing.
Frequency defined
>10%
Adults
Anemia (33%)
Nausea/Vomiting (33%)
Thrombocytopenia (31%)
Peripheral sensory Neuropathy (31%)
Adults
1-10%
Anorexia (1%)
Alk Phos increased (9%)
Leukopenia (5%)
Seizures (1%)
<1%
Rash
Depression
Alopecia
Hepatotoxicity
Dizziness
vertigo
Black Box Warning:
WARNING: MYELOSUPPRESSION
altretamine can cause severe and prolonged myelosuppression, including neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. Myelosuppression can be life-threatening and may lead to infections, bleeding, and anemia-related complications.
Contraindication/Caution:
Hypersensitivity: altretamine should not be used in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its components.
Pregnancy: altretamine may cause harm to a developing fetus and is contraindicated in pregnant women. Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should not take this medication.
Breastfeeding: It is not known whether altretamine is excreted in human milk. Breastfeeding women should not take this medication or should stop breastfeeding if they are taking this medication.
Severe bone marrow suppression: altretamine can cause severe bone marrow suppression, leading to infections and bleeding. Patients with severe bone marrow suppression should not take this medication.
Pregnancy warnings:
Pregnancy category: N/A
Lactation: Excreted into human milk is unknown
Pregnancy Categories:
Category A: Studies that were well-controlled and met expectations revealed no risk to the fetus in either the first or second trimester.
Category B: There were a lack of studies on pregnant women and no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal experiments.
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category
Pharmacology:
altretamine is a cytotoxic chemotherapy drug that belongs to the class of alkylating agents. It works by interfering with the DNA in cancer cells, leading to cell death and the inhibition of tumor growth.
Pharmacodynamics:
The pharmacodynamics mechanism of altretamine is related to its ability to interfere with the DNA in cancer cells. As an alkylating agent, altretamine forms covalent bonds with the DNA in cancer cells, causing cross-linking between DNA strands, which prevents the cells from dividing and growing.
MOA:
The mechanism of action of altretamine is related to its ability to damage the DNA in cancer cells. As an alkylating agent, altretamine forms covalent bonds with the DNA in cancer cells, causing cross-linking between DNA strands, which prevents the cells from dividing and growing.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption
altretamine is available in capsule form for oral administration. It is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 2-4 hours of ingestion.
Distribution
altretamine has a high volume of distribution and is widely distributed throughout the body. It can cross the blood-brain barrier, and the concentration of the drug in the cerebrospinal fluid is similar to that in the plasma. Altretamine is also highly protein-bound, with approximately 70% of the drug being bound to plasma proteins.
Metabolism
altretamine is primarily metabolized in the liver, where it is transformed into several active metabolites. These metabolites are less potent than the parent drug but still contribute to the drug’s overall activity.
Elimination and Excretion
altretamine and its metabolites are primarily excreted through the kidneys, with about 60% of the drug being eliminated in the urine. The drug has a short elimination half-life of about 3-4 hours. It is essential to adjust the dosage of altretamine in patients with impaired renal function. altretamine is also excreted in small amounts in the feces.
Administration:
altretamine is a chemotherapy drug used to treat cancer, specifically ovarian cancer. It is usually administered orally in the form of capsules.
The recommended dosage of altretamine is determined by a doctor based on various factors such as the patient’s body weight, overall health, and the type of cancer being treated. Typically, the starting dose is 260 mg/m2 of body surface area per day, divided into four equal doses and taken every six hours.
It is important to take altretamine capsules on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after a meal. The capsules should be swallowed whole with a glass of water and not crushed, chewed, or opened.
Patient information leaflet
Generic Name: altretamine
Why do we use altretamine ?
altretamine is a chemotherapy drug used to treat ovarian cancer that has recurred or not responded to other treatments. It belongs to the class of alkylating agents, which work by damaging the DNA in cancer cells, preventing them from dividing and growing.
altretamine is often used with other chemotherapy drugs to improve treatment efficacy. It is usually prescribed when other treatments have failed or when the cancer has recurred after initial treatment. Altretamine is also sometimes used as a maintenance therapy to prevent the cancer from coming back after remission.
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