bemotrizinol + titanium dioxide + zinc oxide

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum: 

bemotrizinol (tinosorb S): bemotrizinol, a broad-spectrum organic UV filter, exerts its action by absorbing UVB and UVA radiation. This molecule possesses a high absorption capacity for both short (UVB) and long (UVA) wavelengths, thereby significantly reducing the penetration of harmful radiation into the skin’s deeper layers. bemotrizinol operates through a non-photochemical process, dissipating absorbed energy as heat, which prevents the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent cellular damage. 

titanium dioxide: a mineral-based physical sunscreen that acts as a reflective barrier against UV radiation. microfine particles of titanium dioxide efficiently scatter and reflect UVB and UVA rays, creating a protective shield on the skin’s surface. This mechanism effectively prevents direct UV interaction with the skin and minimizes the risk of UV-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress. 

zinc oxide: zinc oxide, another mineral-based physical sunscreen ingredient, complements the protective action of titanium dioxide. Like titanium dioxide, zinc oxide forms a physical barrier that reflects and scatters UV radiation, safeguarding the skin from UVB and UVA exposure. Additionally, zinc oxide possesses inherent antioxidant properties, contributing to the neutralization of ROS generated upon UV radiation exposure. 

Spectrum of Activity: The combined formulation of bemotrizinol, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide exhibits a broad and well-balanced spectrum of protection against UV radiation. This effective blend works synergistically to provide comprehensive protection for the skin against a diverse spectrum of UV wavelengths, including both short UVB rays (280-320 nm) and long UVA rays (320-400 nm). The collective action of these ingredients ensures comprehensive coverage against the harmful effects of solar radiation, which include erythema, premature aging, DNA damage, and the potential development of skin malignancies. 

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency not defined  

hypersensitivity reaction (low frequency) 

Black Box Warning

Black Box Warning:  

This product, containing bemotrizinol, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide, may cause serious dermatological adverse reactions. 

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindication/Caution:  

Hypersensitivity: Individuals with a known hypersensitivity or allergic reaction to any of the components present in the compound, namely bemotrizinol, titanium dioxide, or zinc oxide, are strongly contraindicated from its usage. Hypersensitivity reactions can manifest as skin irritation, redness, itching, or other dermatological manifestations. 

Previous Adverse Reactions: Patients who have previously experienced adverse reactions, such as severe skin irritation, rash, or allergic responses, upon exposure to similar sunscreen agents, or any constituent element within the compound, are advised to refrain from utilizing this formulation. 

Dermatological Disorders: The sunscreen should not be applied to skin affected by active dermatological disorders, including but not limited to eczema, psoriasis, severe acne, or open wounds. Application to compromised skin may exacerbate existing conditions or elicit undesirable effects. 

Infants and Neonates: Given the unique sensitivities of infants and neonates, the use of this compound on individuals within this age group is discouraged, as their skin barrier may not yet be fully developed, potentially heightening the risk of adverse reactions. 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy warnings:     

Pregnancy category: N/A 

Lactation: Excreted into human milk is unknown 

Pregnancy Categories:         

Category A: Studies that were well-controlled and met expectations revealed no risk to the fetus in either the first or second trimester. 

Category B: There were a lack of studies on pregnant women and no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal experiments.   

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.    

Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.   

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.    

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category

Pharmacology

Pharmacology:  

bemotrizinol, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide are widely utilized in sunscreens and topical products for their photoprotective properties. 

Pharmacodynamics:  

bemotrizinol: bemotrizinol, a lipophilic molecule, functions as a broad-spectrum ultraviolet A (UVA) and ultraviolet B (UVB) filter. It absorbs UV radiation and dissipates it as heat, thereby preventing the penetration of harmful rays into the epidermal layers. 

titanium dioxide: titanium dioxide functions as a physical sunblock element that works by reflecting and dispersing ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It creates a safeguarding shield on the skin’s outer layer, proficiently obstructing the penetration of both UVA and UVB rays into the skin. 

zinc oxide: Zinc oxide acts as a physical blocker, reflecting and scattering UVA and UVB rays. Its unique property lies in its ability to provide comprehensive protection across a broad spectrum of UV wavelengths.  

Pharmacokinetics: 

Absorption 

bemotrizinol, a lipophilic molecule, demonstrates favorable skin penetration due to its molecular properties. bemotrizinol can permeate the stratum corneum and reach viable epidermal layers upon topical application. Its absorption is limited, and systemic exposure is minimal. 

titanium dioxide and zinc oxide are inorganic particles often used in sunscreens for broad-spectrum UV protection. While these particles can form a protective barrier on the skin’s surface, they are generally considered to have negligible skin absorption, reducing the potential for systemic exposure. 

Distribution 

Distribution studies of bemotrizinol, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide have primarily focused on their localization within the skin layers upon topical application. bemotrizinol may distribute within the epidermis, primarily within the stratum corneum and viable layers. titanium dioxide and zinc oxide particles tend to remain on the skin’s surface, forming a protective layer. 

Metabolism 

bemotrizinol is not extensively metabolized in the body. Any potential metabolic transformations are likely to occur locally within the skin. The compound’s lipophilic nature might influence its stability and metabolism, further studies are warranted to elucidate this aspect. 

titanium dioxide and zinc oxide Being inorganic substances, titanium dioxide and zinc oxide do not undergo metabolic processes in the body. They retain their chemical structure upon topical application and are not subject to biotransformation. 

Excretion and Elimination 

bemotrizinol, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide are not expected to undergo systemic distribution or significant metabolism, thus the potential for excretion is minimal. Any trace amounts that may enter systemic circulation are likely eliminated through normal excretory pathways, such as urine and feces. 

Adminstartion

Administration:  

The administration of bemotrizinol, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide is recommended for topical use only. 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name: bemotrizinol + titanium dioxide + zinc oxide 

Why do we use bemotrizinol + titanium dioxide + zinc oxide?  

Photoprotection and Ultraviolet Radiation Defense: bemotrizinol, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide display remarkable efficacy in protecting the skin from the harmful impacts of UV radiation. bemotrizinol, a lipophilic filter, effectively absorbs and dissipates UVB and UVA rays. titanium dioxide is a reflective agent that forms a physical barrier against UV radiation, primarily reflecting UVA and UVB rays. zinc oxide, possessing both absorbing and reflecting properties, provides broad-spectrum protection against UVA1, UVA2, and UVB rays. The synergistic action of these ingredients maximizes photoprotection, reducing the risk of sunburn, photodamage, and UV-induced skin aging. 

Sunburn Prevention and Erythema Reduction: Incorporating bemotrizinol, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide in dermatological preparations aids in preventing sunburn and mitigating erythema. By absorbing and reflecting UV radiation, these compounds reduce the penetration of harmful rays into the skin, thereby minimizing the inflammatory response associated with excessive sun exposure. This attenuation of erythema is pivotal in maintaining skin health and integrity. 

Anti-Photoaging Benefits: The synergistic action of bemotrizinol, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide extends to their potential in combatting premature aging caused by chronic UV exposure. By curbing the harmful impact of free radicals and UV-induced DNA damage, these ingredients contribute to the preservation of skin elasticity, firmness, and texture. Furthermore, their anti-inflammatory properties alleviate oxidative stress, supporting the skin’s natural rejuvenation processes. 

Photostability and Formulation Enhancement: In addition to their photoprotective attributes, bemotrizinol, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide offer photostabilization benefits to formulations, prolonging the efficacy of other UV filters. Their compatibility with various cosmetic bases enables the creation of aesthetically pleasing and cosmetically elegant sunscreen products, ensuring enhanced user compliance and satisfaction.