benzoin

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum: 

• benzoin’s primary mechanism of action is attributed to its content of certain aromatic compounds, such as benzyl benzoate, benzyl cinnamate, and benzoic acid. These compounds possess mild antiseptic properties, which can help inhibit the growth or kill certain microorganisms.  
• The spectrum of activity of benzoin is relatively narrow. It is primarily effective against certain bacteria and fungi. It may be helpful against common skin pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. It may also have some activity against fungal pathogens like Candida species. 

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency not defined 

Contact Dermatitis 

Black Box Warning

Black box warning: 

None 

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindications/caution: 

Contraindications: 

None 

Caution: 

• Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may be allergic to benzoin or its constituents. It is always recommended to perform a patch test before applying benzoin-containing products to a larger skin area. 
• Oral Consumption: benzoin is not intended for oral consumption and should not be ingested. It is primarily used externally or as a fragrance component. 
• Eye Contact: Avoid contact with the eyes when using benzoin-containing products. If accidental eye contact occurs, rinse thoroughly with water and seek medical attention if irritation persists. 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration: Insufficient data available 

Lactation: Excretion of the drug in human breast milk is unknown 

Pregnancy category: 

Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester. 

Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women. 

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.    

Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.    

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.    

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category 

Pharmacology

Pharmacology: 

benzoin is primarily used in medicine and has several pharmacological properties and actions. Here are some critical aspects of the pharmacology of benzoin: 

• Antiseptic Properties: benzoin possesses mild antiseptic properties, primarily due to its constituents such as benzyl benzoate, benzyl cinnamate, and benzoic acid. These compounds help inhibit the growth or kill certain microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. 
• Expectorant Action: It stimulates the secretory glands in the respiratory tract, resulting in increased mucus production and easier removal of phlegm. 
• Local Anaesthetic Effect: benzoin may exert a mild local anesthetic effect on the skin and mucous membranes. It can help reduce pain, itching, and irritation when applied topically. 
• Aromatic and Fragrance Component: benzoin is widely used as a fragrance and flavoring agent due to its pleasant scent. It is often incorporated into perfumes, soaps, incense, and other aromatic products. 
• Skin Protectant: When applied topically, benzoin can help protect the skin by forming a thin protective film. This film helps shield the skin from external irritants, aids in wound healing and promotes the soothing of minor skin irritations. 

Pharmacokinetics: 

Absorption 

benzyl benzoate is mainly absorbed through the skin when applied topically. It is a lipid-soluble compound that can penetrate the skin barrier.  

Distribution 

After absorption, benzyl benzoate is distributed throughout the body. The exact distribution pattern and tissue concentrations may depend on factors such as formulation, route of administration, and individual characteristics. 

Metabolism 

benzyl benzoate undergoes metabolism in the liver. It is metabolized via ester hydrolysis to form benzoic acid and benzyl alcohol. These metabolites are further metabolized and eventually eliminated from the body. 

Elimination and Excretion 

The metabolites of benzyl benzoate, namely benzoic acid, and benzyl alcohol, are eliminated primarily through urine as glucuronide conjugates. The elimination half-life and exact excretion pathways may vary depending on individual factors and other conditions. 

Adminstartion

Administration: 

Topical administration 

• Not for ophthalmic use; only for external use. Before usage, clean and dry the area that is affected.  
• Adhesive:  
• Gently squeeze the vial to crush the inside ampule.  
• Pour enough liquid into the vial to fill the opening.  
• Apply a thin coating to the skin on either side of the wound.  
• Allow 30–40 seconds for the liquid to dry before putting bandages. 

Skin /Mouth Protectant 

• Spray- Shake thoroughly before using. Spray the afflicted region generously or beneath adhesive tapes, casts, or other orthopedic devices. 

• Tincture- Use a cotton swab and apply it directly on canker sores. Do not ingest. 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name: benzoin 

Why do we use benzoin? 

benzoin has a variety of uses across different industries and applications. Here are some common uses of benzoin: 

• Pharmaceutical and Medical Applications: benzoin is used in various pharmaceutical and medical preparations for its properties, such as antiseptic, expectorant, and local anesthetic effects.  
• Skincare and Cosmetics: benzoin is commonly used in skincare products due to its soothing and protective properties. It can be found in creams, lotions, balms, and salves, helping to alleviate skin irritation, promote wound healing, and provide a protective barrier on the skin. 
• Veterinary Applications: benzoin is also used in some veterinary preparations, such as wound ointments and dressings, to help promote healing and protect the skin.