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January 1, 2026
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Brand Name :
Tornalate
Synonyms :
bitolterol
Class :
Adrenergic bronchodilators
Brand Name :
Tornalate
Synonyms :
bitolterol
Class :
Adrenergic bronchodilators
Dosage Forms & Strengths
Aerosol
0.37 mg
Administer 2 inhaled aerosols dose at an interval of minimum 1 to 3 minutes followed by a third inhalation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Administer 2 inhaled aerosols dose at an interval of minimum 1 to 3 minutes followed by a third inhalation
Dosage Forms & Strengths
Aerosol
0.37 mg
For >12 years old
for >12 years old:
Administer 2 inhaled aerosols dose at an interval of minimum 1 to 3 minutes followed by a third inhalation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
for >12 years old:
Administer 2 inhaled aerosols dose at an interval of minimum 1 to 3 minutes followed by a third inhalation
Refer to adult dosing
Actions and Spectrum
Bitolterol acts as a beta-2 adrenergic agonist, it targets beta-2 receptors in the smooth muscle of the bronchioles in the lungs.
Activation of beta-2 receptors stimulates the enzyme adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP).
Frequency not defined
Closing of throat
Lightheadedness
Insomnia
Diarrhea
Dry mouth
Tremor
Nervousness
Sweating
Chest pain or irregular heartbeats
Headache
Dizziness
Vomiting
Black Box Warning
None
Contraindication/Caution:
Contraindication:
Caution:
Pregnancy consideration:
Pregnancy category: N/A
Lactation: Excretion into human milk is unknown
Pregnancy Categories:
Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.
Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category.
Pharmacology
Bitolterol stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the bronchial smooth muscle, leading to the activation of adenylate cyclase.
This activation increases intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels, resulting in bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and subsequent bronchodilation.
Pharmacodynamics
Activation of PKA results in the phosphorylation of proteins involved in smooth muscle contraction.
Phosphorylation leads to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, causing dilation of the airways.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
Bitolterol is rapidly absorbed from the respiratory tract into the bloodstream.
Distribution
Bitolterol is distributed throughout the body via the systemic circulation.
Metabolism
Bitolterol undergoes rapid metabolism in the liver.
Elimination and excretion
Bitolterol is excreted in the urine.
Administration
Bitolterol is administered via inhalation as an aerosol.
Patient information leaflet
Generic Name: bitolterol
Why do we use bitolterol?
Bitolterol is indicated for the relief of acute bronchoconstriction in individuals with asthma.
Bitolterol may be used in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
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