Action and Spectrum

Mechanism of action

bromfenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that works by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which are responsible for prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are involved in inflammation and pain, and by inhibiting their production, bromfenac can help reduce these symptoms

Spectrum

bromfenac is primarily used to treat inflammation and pain associated with cataract surgery or other ocular surgeries. It has a relatively narrow spectrum of activity and is most effective at reducing inflammation and pain in the eye. However, it may also be used to treat other types of pain and inflammation, such as arthritis, though other NSAIDs are typically used for these conditions

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency undefined:

Conjunctival hyperemia

Eye pain

Eye redness

Iritis

Abnormal sensation in eye

Eye irritation

Eye pruritis

Headache

Corneal erosion

Black Box Warning

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindications

None

Caution

• Allergy: People who are allergic to aspirin or other NSAIDs should not use bromfenac
• Bleeding: bromfenac can increase the risk of bleeding, mainly when used with other medications that also increase bleeding risk, such as blood thinners
• Eye problems: While bromfenac is primarily used to treat eye inflammation and pain, it can also cause problems such as corneal erosion, corneal perforation, and vision loss. Patients should be monitored for changes in vision, eye pain, or other symptoms while using bromfenac
• Kidney problems: bromfenac can cause kidney problems, especially in people with pre-existing kidney disease. Patients with kidney disease should be monitored closely while using bromfenac
• Pregnancy and breast-feeding: bromfenac are not recommended for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding, as it may harm the developing fetus or nursing baby

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration:

bromfenac is not recommended for use during pregnancy as it may harm the developing fetus or nursing baby

Lactation: Excretion of the drug in human breast milk is unknown

Pregnancy category:

Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.

Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.

Category D: adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category

Pharmacology

Pharmacology

bromfenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that works by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which are responsible for the production of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are involved in inflammation and pain, and by inhibiting their production, bromfenac can help reduce these symptoms
bromfenac is available in several formulations, including oral tablets, eye drops, and injections. Eye drops are the most commonly used formulation and are primarily used to treat inflammation and pain associated with cataract surgery or other ocular surgeries

Pharmacodynamics

The pharmacodynamics of bromfenac involves its effects on the body and its mechanism of action. As a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), bromfenac inhibits the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, specifically COX-1 and COX-2
COX enzymes are responsible for prostaglandins, which are involved in inflammation and pain. By inhibiting COX enzymes, bromfenac reduces the production of prostaglandins, thereby reducing inflammation and pain

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption

bromfenac can be administered via oral tablets, eye drops, and injections. bromfenac is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract when taken orally. bromfenac is absorbed through the cornea and enters the systemic circulation when applied as eye drops. Injection allows for direct systemic administration

Distribution

bromfenac is highly protein-bound (more than 98%), which limits its distribution in the body. It is distributed throughout the body, including into the eye’s aqueous humour

Metabolism

bromfenac is primarily metabolized in the liver, which undergoes oxidative biotransformation. The metabolites are then excreted in the urine

Elimination/Excretion

bromfenac and its metabolites are excreted mainly in the urine, with a smaller amount excreted in the faeces

Adminstartion

Administration

bromfenac can be administered via several routes, including oral tablets, eye drops, and injections. The choice of administration route depends on the indication and the patient’s needs

• Oral tablets: bromfenac tablets are usually taken once a day, with or without food, and swallowed whole with a full glass of water. The dose may vary depending on the patient’s age, weight, and the condition being treated
• Eye drops: bromfenac eye drops are used to treat inflammation and pain in the eye, particularly after cataract surgery or other ocular surgeries. The recommended dose is one drop in the affected eye(s) twice daily, starting on the day of surgery and continuing for two weeks
• Injection: bromfenac injection is typically given in a healthcare setting, such as a hospital or clinic, and is used for the short-term treatment of pain and inflammation. The dose and frequency of injections depend on the patient’s age, weight, and the condition being treated

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet

Generic Name: bromfenac

Why do we use bromfenac?

bromfenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) primarily used to reduce inflammation and pain in the eye after cataract surgery or other ocular surgeries. It is available as an ophthalmic solution (eye drops) and is used for a short period, typically two weeks, after surgery,

bromfenac prevents or treats inflammation and pain associated with cataract surgery or other ocular surgeries. It works by reducing the production of prostaglandins, which are involved in inflammation and pain