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Brand Name :
Ausanil, Capsaicin, Cayenne, Chili pepper, Green chili pepper
Synonyms :
capsicum
Class :
Analgesics, herbals
Brand Name :
Ausanil, Capsaicin, Cayenne, Chili pepper, Green chili pepper
Synonyms :
capsicum
Class :
Analgesics, herbals
Suggested dosing:
For topical use, apply 0.025%-0.075% three to four times daily, and continue for at least four weeks.
When taken orally, Tincture can be taken at a dose of 0.6-2 ml per dose orally, while oleoresin can be taken at a dose of 0.6-2 mg per dose orally
Actions and Spectrum:
Analgesic: capsicum has been found to have analgesic properties, which means it can help relieve pain.
Anti-inflammatory: capsicum contains capsaicin, which has been found to have anti-inflammatory properties. This makes it helpful in treating conditions such as arthritis.
Antioxidant: capsicum is high in antioxidants, which help protect the body from damage caused by free radicals.
Digestive: capsicum can help stimulate the digestive system, promoting healthy digestion.
Thermogenic: capsicum has thermogenic properties, which can help increase metabolism and promote weight loss.
The spectrum of capsicum includes
Cardiovascular health: capsicum has been found to help improve blood circulation and lower blood pressure, which can be benefit cardiovascular health.
Immune system: capsicum is rich in vitamin C, which can help boost the immune system and protect against infections.
Frequency not defined
Flushing
Sweating
Gastroenteritis
GI irritation
Mucous membrane irritation
Hepatic damage
Lacrimation
Ocular irritation
Renal damage
Rhinorrhea
Urticaria (topical use)
Contraindication/Caution:
capsicum is contraindicated in individuals who are allergic to chili peppers or any of its components. This includes individuals who experience an allergic reaction to topical creams containing capsicum. In addition, capsicum should be avoided in individuals with a history of stomach ulcers or digestive problems, as it may exacerbate these conditions.
capsicum should also be used with caution in individuals who are taking anticoagulant medications, as it may increase the risk of bleeding. Similarly, capsicum should not be use with other medications that lower blood pressure, as it may cause a sudden drop in blood pressure.
Furthermore, individuals with a history of heart disease or hypertension should use capsicum with caution, as it may increase heart rate and blood pressure. Capsicum should also be avoided by pregnant and breastfeeding women, as there is insufficient evidence regarding its safety in these populations.
Pregnancy warnings:
Pregnancy category: N/A
Lactation: Excreted into human milk is unknown
Pregnancy Categories:
Category A: Studies that were well-controlled and met expectations revealed no risk to the fetus in either the first or second trimester.
Category B: There were a lack of studies on pregnant women and no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal experiments.
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category
Pharmacology:
The pharmacology of capsicum involves various physiological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-cancer properties. capsaicin has been shown to induce apoptosis in cancer cells and inhibit the growth of tumors. Additionally, it has demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activity against a range of microorganisms.
Pharmacodynamics Mechanism:
The pharmacodynamics of capsicum is primarily attributed to the actions of capsaicin on the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels, which are located on the sensory nerve endings in the skin, mucous membranes, and internal organs
MOA:
It involves the binding of capsaicin to the TRPV1 receptor, which is expressed in sensory neurons. Activation of the TRPV1 receptor leads to the release of substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which are neurotransmitters involved in the sensation of pain.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption
capsaicin, the primary active component of capsicum, is rapidly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 2-3 hours of oral administration. Capsaicin can also be absorbed through the skin, with transdermal delivery being a common route of administration for localized pain relief.
Distribution
capsaicin has a high protein-binding capacity and is distributed widely throughout the body. However, it does not easily cross the blood-brain barrier, which limits its central nervous system effects. capsaicin also accumulates in fatty tissues, which may contribute to its prolonged effects.
Metabolism
capsaicin is primarily metabolized in the liver by the enzyme CYP450 2E1, and to a lesser extent by CYP450 3A4. The metabolites of capsaicin are mainly excreted in the urine, with a smaller portion being eliminated in feces.
Excretion and elimination
capsaicin and its metabolites are eliminated primarily through renal excretion, with a half-life of approximately 5-6 hours. A small amount of Capsaicin is also eliminated in feces.
Administration:
When administered as a drug, capsicum can be given orally in capsule form, or topically as a cream, gel, or patch. The exact dosage and administration regimen may vary depending on the specific formulation and indication.
When administered orally, capsicum capsules are typically taken with food to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. The recommended dosage for oral administration may vary depending on the indication, patient age, and other factors. It is essential to follow the prescribing physician’s instructions and dosage recommendations.
Topical administration of capsicum involves the application of creams, gels, or patches to the affected area. Before application, the affected area should be thoroughly cleaned and dried. The topical formulation should be applied to the affected area, following the dosage and administration instructions provided by the prescribing physician.
Patient information leaflet
Generic Name: capsicum
Why do we use capsicum?
capsicum, commonly known as peppers or chili peppers, is a plant species belonging to the family Solanaceae. capsicum has been widely used in various cuisines across the world due to its pungent taste and unique flavor. In addition to its culinary uses, Capsicum has also been utilized for its potential therapeutic properties.
capsicum contains a variety of bioactive compounds such as capsaicin, which is responsible for its pungency, and other alkaloids, flavonoids, and vitamins. These bioactive compounds are believed to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anticancer properties.
capsaicin, in particular, has been shown to have pain-relieving effects and is used in topical creams and ointments for conditions such as arthritis, neuralgia, and muscle pain
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