cyclacillin

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum: 

Action: 

Bactericidal: cyclacillin works by interfering with the bacterial cell wall synthesis. It inhibits the enzyme transpeptidase, essential for forming peptidoglycan, a crucial component of the bacterial cell wall. This action weakens the cell wall, leading to cell lysis and death of the bacteria. 

Spectrum: 

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A streptococcus): Commonly responsible for strep throat and skin infections. 

Streptococcus pneumoniae: A significant cause of respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia. 

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency not defined  

Vomiting  

Nausea 

diarrhea 

Black Box Warning

Black Box Warning:  

None

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindication/Caution:  

Allergic Reaction: Patients with a known hypersensitivity or allergy to cyclacillin, other penicillin antibiotics, or any of its components should not use cyclacillin.  

Previous Severe Gastrointestinal Problems: If a patient has a history of severe gastrointestinal problems, especially colitis, associated with antibiotic use, they should avoid cyclacillin. It could exacerbate these conditions. 

Renal Impairment: cyclacillin is primarily eliminated through the kidneys. Patients with severe renal impairment may require dosage adjustments or alternative treatments. It’s essential to consult a healthcare professional in such cases. 

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: cyclacillin during pregnancy and breastfeeding should be carefully considered. One must carefully consider the potential advantages and drawbacks, with the crucial step of seeking guidance from a healthcare professional. 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy warnings:     

Pregnancy category: N/A 

Lactation: Excreted into human milk is unknown 

Pregnancy Categories:         

Category A: Studies that were well-controlled and met expectations revealed no risk to the fetus in either the first or second trimester. 

Category B: There were a lack of studies on pregnant women and no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal experiments.   

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.    

Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.   

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.    

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category

Pharmacology

Pharmacology: cyclacillin is an antibiotic that belongs to the penicillin class of drugs 

Pharmacodynamics:  

cyclacillin exerts its antibacterial effects primarily by interfering with the bacterial cell wall synthesis. Bacterial cell walls are essential for their structural integrity and protection. cyclacillin inhibits the enzyme transpeptidase, which is responsible for cross-linking the peptidoglycan chains in the bacterial cell wall. This interference weakens the cell wall, making it more susceptible to osmotic pressure, ultimately leading to bacterial cell lysis.  

Pharmacokinetics: 

Absorption 

cyclacillin is administered orally as a medication. It is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. 

Its absorption is relatively rapid and generally well-absorbed, especially when taken on an empty stomach. 

Food can decrease the rate but not the extent of absorption. 

Distribution 

cyclacillin is distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream. 

It can penetrate various tissues and fluids, reaching therapeutic concentrations in areas such as the respiratory tract, skin, and urinary tract. 

It can also cross the placental barrier, potentially affecting a developing fetus. 

Metabolism 

cyclacillin undergoes minimal metabolism in the body. 

The drug is primarily eliminated unchanged through renal excretion, with most of the administered dose being excreted via the kidneys. 

Excretion and Elimination 

The primary route of excretion for cyclacillin is through the kidneys. 

It is eliminated in the urine, where it can exert its antibacterial effects against infections in the urinary tract. 

The half-life of cyclacillin in the body is relatively short, typically in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 hours, which means that it is rapidly cleared from the system. 

Adminstartion

Administration:  

A healthcare provider will prescribe the dosage of cyclacillin. It is typically taken orally in the form of capsules or tablets. The dosage may vary, but it is usually taken every 6 hours. Your healthcare provider should determine the exact amount and frequency based on your condition. 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name: cyclacillin 

Why do we use cyclacillin?  

cyclacillin can be effective against certain bacterial infections in the ear, nose, and throat, such as otitis media and strep throat. 

It may be used to treat bacterial skin infections, including cellulitis and impetigo. 

cyclacillin can be prescribed to treat respiratory tract infections, such as bronchitis and pneumonia, caused by susceptible bacteria.