Anthropometric Measurements as Predictors of Low Birth Weight Among Tanzanian Neonates: A Hospital-Based Study
November 7, 2025
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Brand Name :
Kalbitor
Synonyms :
ecallantide
Class :
Immunomodulators; Kallikrein Inhibitors
Brand Name :
Kalbitor
Synonyms :
ecallantide
Class :
Immunomodulators; Kallikrein Inhibitors
Dosage forms & Strengths:
Adult:
Solution for Inhalation
10 mg/ml (3 ml)
Indicated for acute heart attacks caused due to hereditary angioedema
30 mg injected subcutaneously as 3 separate injections of 10 mg/ml
Solution for Inhalation
10 mg/ml (3 ml)
Indicated for acute heart attacks caused due to hereditary angioedema
For more than 12 years-
30 mg injected subcutaneously as 3 separate injections of 10 mg/ml
Refer to the adult dosing
It may enhance the immunosuppressive effects when combined with idecabtagene vicleucel
Actions and Spectrum:
ecallantide is used to treat hereditary angioedema (HAE). It is a genetic disorder that causes episodes of swelling in various body parts, including the face, extremities, and airway.
ecallantide works by binding to and inhibiting the activity of plasma kallikrein, an enzyme that plays a role in developing HAE attacks. It is administered as a subcutaneous injection and is typically used to treat acute HAE attacks. The spectrum of ecallantide is for treating acute attacks of hereditary angioedema in adults and adolescents of 12 years and older.
>10%:Â
Fatigue (11.8%)Â
Headache (16.1%)Â
Nausea (12.9%)Â
Diarrhea (10.6%)Â
1-10%:
Vomiting (5.5%)Â
Pruritus (5.1%)Â
Pyrexia (4.7%)Â
Upper abdominal pain (5.1%)Â
Anaphylaxis (3.9)Â
Nasopharyngitis (5.9%)Â
Black Box Warning:
It is essential to follow the dosage and administration instructions for the medication carefully.
Contraindication/Caution:
ecallantide should not be used in people hypersensitive to the drug itself.
The drug is contraindicated in people with a history of anaphylaxis or allergy to other kallikrein inhibitors
It is also contraindicated in people with active or recent deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism
Pregnancy consideration:
No proper and well-controlled data is available for use in pregnant females.
Breastfeeding warnings:
It is unknown if the drug is excreted in breast milk.
Pregnancy category:
Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies do not show risk to the fetus in the first/later trimester.
Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.
Category D: adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.
Category N: No data is available for the drug under this category.
Pharmacology
ecallantide is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs called kallikrein inhibitors. It works by binding to and inhibiting the activity of plasma kallikrein, an enzyme that plays a role in developing hereditary angioedema (HAE) attacks.
Pharmacodynamics:
ecallantide’s primary mechanism of action is inhibiting the activity of plasma kallikrein. It will reduce the levels of bradykinin, a peptide that causes the symptoms of HAE, such as swelling, pain, and redness. This inhibition of kallikrein helps to reduce the severity and duration of HAE attacks. ecallantide is effective in reducing the symptoms of HAE within 1 to 2 hours of administration.
Pharmacokinetics:
Pharmacokinetics studies how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body. The following parameters can describe the pharmacokinetics of ecallantide.
Absorption
The peak plasma concentration is 586 ng/ml
The time to achieve peak plasma time is 2-3 hours
And the under the curve is 3017 ngâ‹…hr/mL
Distribution
The volume of distribution is 26.4 L
Metabolism
ecallantide does not bind to plasma proteins and is eliminated mainly by proteolysis. It does not have any known active metabolites, and it does not have any clinically significant interactions with other drugs that are metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Elimination and excretion
ecallantide is excreted in urine
The rate of clearance is 153 mL/min
Administration:
The medication is administered subcutaneously through a 27-gauge needle. Withdraw 1 ml or 10 mg from the vial and inject SC on a site gap of 2 inches.
Patient information leaflet
Generic Name: ecallantide
Pronounced: ee-kal-lan-tide
Why do we use ecallantide?
ecallantide is used to treat hereditary angioedema.
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