endostatin (Investigational)

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum:

endostatin, a naturally occurring protein, exerts its primary role by impeding angiogenesis, the process of generating fresh blood vessels. Initially recognized for its anti-angiogenic properties, its main actions revolve around inhibiting blood vessel development.

• Anti-Angiogenic Function: endostatin’s principal role is the inhibition of angiogenesis, a pivotal mechanism in the growth and dissemination of tumors as it furnishes them with a blood supply. Endostatin achieves this by disrupting the creation of new blood vessels, thereby potentially curtailing the blood supply to tumors, ultimately slowing their growth.
• Suppression of Tumors: Owing to its anti-angiogenic attributes, endostatin has been subject to exploration for its potential in cancer therapy. By constricting the blood supply to tumors, it has the potential to impede their growth and capacity to metastasize.
• Anti-Inflammatory Properties: Endostatin has also exhibited anti-inflammatory characteristics. This can be advantageous in various medical conditions where inflammation holds a pivotal role, particularly in certain autoimmune diseases.
• Facilitating Wound Healing: Some studies have linked endostatin to the process of wound healing. Through its regulation of angiogenesis, endostatin can influence the mending of injured tissues and promote the overall healing process.

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency not defined

Gastrointestinal reactions

Fatigue

Leukopenia

Myelosuppression

Cardiotoxicity

Transient elevation of transaminases

Thrombocytopenia

Black Box Warning

None

Contraindication / Caution

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration:

US FDA Pregnancy category: N/A

Lactation:

No sufficient data

Pregnancy category:

Category A: Studies that were well-controlled and met expectations revealed no risk to the fetus in either the first or second trimester.

Category B: There was a lack of studies on pregnant women and no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal experiments.

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.

Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category.

Pharmacology

Adminstartion

Administration:

The patient received 7.5 mg/m2/day of Rh-endostatin via a continuous IV pump for a duration of three months. Therapy was repeated for a total of three cycles following a one-month intermission.

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet

Generic Name: endostatin

Why do we use endostatin?

endostatin is investigated for use in diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and cancer/tumors (unspecified). The State Food and Drug Administration of China (CFDA) approved rh-endostatin (Endostar) as a treatment option for non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), after a number of clinical studies showed the drug’s significant survival benefit in treating NSCLC. Since then, a growing amount of clinical information and experience has been gathered from a range of other cancer types, including melanoma, colon cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, nasopharyngeal cancers, small cell lung cancer, NSCLC in other settings, and malignant serous effusion.