iopronic acid

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum:

Iopronic acid can serve as a new contrast medium especially for cholecystography that is to be administered orally. This complex is a derivative of aminophenol containing iodine with a molecular weight of 673 g/mol and with an iodine content of 56.7%. Studies in rodents, rabbits and canines revealed that they had the lower level toxicity and more favourable biliary clearance than established contrast media like iopanoic acid (the brand name formulation marketed by Winthrop as Telepaque) and ipodate (manufactured by Squibb and marketed as Oragrafin). In addition, the studies of cats and dogs highlight the fact that although iopronic acid achieves a slightly higher quality of gallbladder opacification compared to iopanoic acid, generally, these academies are similar across various dosage levels.

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Not reported

Black Box Warning

Black box warning:

None

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindications/caution:

Hypersensitivity

Hepatic impairment

Renal impairment

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy warnings:

Pregnancy Category: Insufficient data available

Lactation:

Excretion of the drug in human breast milk is unknown

Pregnancy Categories: 

• Category A: Studies that were well-controlled and met expectations revealed no risk to the fetus in the first or second trimester.
• Category B: There was a lack of studies on pregnant women and no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal experiments.
• Category C: There was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and there was no adequate evidence in human studies that must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.
• Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.
• Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence, these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.
• Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category

Pharmacology

Pharmacology:

Rat liver microsomes metabolize iopronic acid, which is a cholecystographic agent, at first into hydroxyethyl-(3-acetamido-2,4,6-triiodophenyl)ether and finally 3-acetamido-2,4,6-triiodophenoxy-acetic acid. This metabolic process is oxygen- and NADPH-dependent and blocked by CO. The addition of iopronic acid to microsomes causes type II spectral change suggesting that the compound is metabolised up to some extent.

Pharmacodynamics:

The activity is not known

Pharmacokinetics:

Information on the ADME is limited

Adminstartion

Administration:

It is administered orally.

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet

Generic Name: iopronic acid

Why do we use iopronic acid?

It is used as a contrast agent for visualisation in patients with hepatic dysfunction.