Actions and Spectrum:
metformin is an oral medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It works by reducing glucose production in the liver, increasing glucose uptake in muscle cells, and improving insulin sensitivity.
The actions of metformin are primarily mediated through activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, which leads to inhibition of hepatic glucose production and increased glucose uptake in peripheral tissues. metformin also has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects.
metformin has a broad spectrum of activity and is effective in improving glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes. It can be used as monotherapy, or in combination with other medications such as insulin, sulfonylureas, or GLP-1 receptor agonists.
