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Brand Name :
N/A
Synonyms :
methylthioninium
Class :
Detoxifying Agents, Substance dependence drugs
Brand Name :
N/A
Synonyms :
methylthioninium
Class :
Detoxifying Agents, Substance dependence drugs
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
SolutionÂ
0.5%Â Â
1%Â Â
Administer dose of 1 to 2 mg/kg through slow injection for 5 minutes
Maximum total dose should not be more than 7 mg/kg for one treatment
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
SolutionÂ
0.5%Â Â
For newborn to 3 months infants:
Administer dose of 0.3 to 0.5 mg/kg through slow injection for 5 minutes
For >3 months old:
Administer dose of 1 to 2 mg/kg through slow injection for 5 minutes
Refer to adult dosingÂ
Actions and SpectrumÂ
Methemoglobin is a form of hemoglobin that cannot bind oxygen effectively.Â
Methylthioninium acts as a reducing agent, converting methemoglobin back to normal hemoglobin, thereby restoring the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
Frequency not defined Â
HypersensitivityÂ
NauseaÂ
Tachycardia Â
Cardiac arrhythmiaÂ
Abdominal painÂ
DysgeusiaÂ
Chest painÂ
MydriasisÂ
Pain in extremityÂ
DizzinessÂ
Headache
Black Box WarningÂ
NoneÂ
Contraindication/Caution:Â
Contraindication:Â
Caution:Â
Pregnancy consideration:Â
Pregnancy category: N/AÂ
Lactation: Excretion into human milk is unknown Â
Pregnancy Categories:        Â
Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.Â
Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women. Â
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.Â
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.Â
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.Â
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category.Â
Pharmacology Â
Methylthioninium is a redox-active compound. It acts as a reducing agent and is involved in electron transfer reactions.Â
Methylthioninium has antioxidant properties, and it can scavenge free radicals.Â
PharmacodynamicsÂ
Methylthioninium inhibits the activity of monoamine oxidase, an enzyme responsible for the breakdown of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Â
PharmacokineticsÂ
AbsorptionÂ
Methylthioninium is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Â
DistributionÂ
Methylthioninium is distributed in the tissue.Â
MetabolismÂ
Methylthioninium undergoes first pass metabolism.Â
Elimination and excretionÂ
Methylthioninium is excreted via urine.
AdministrationÂ
Methylthioninium is administered intravenously. Â
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: methylthioniniumÂ
Why do we use methylthioninium?Â
Methylthioninium is used in treatment for methemoglobinemia, a condition in which an abnormal form of hemoglobin.  Â
Methylthioninium is used in photodynamic therapy, a treatment that involves the activation of a photosensitizing agent by light
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