oritavancin

Action and Spectrum

oritavancin is a semisynthetic lipoglycopeptide antibiotic used to treat certain bacterial infections. It is classified as a glycopeptide antibiotic and works by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. oritavancin has a broad spectrum of activity. It is effective against a range of gram-positive bacteria. It includes methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. 

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

1-10%: 

Nausea (9.9%)  

Vomiting (4.6%)  

Headache (7.1%) 

Diarrhea (3.7%) 

Dizziness (2.7%) 

Tachycardia (2.5%) 

Infusion site reactions (1.9%) 

Increased ALT (2.8%) 

Increased AST (1.8%) 

Infusion site reactions (1.9%)  

Black Box Warning

Contraindication / Caution

oritavancin should not be used in people hypersensitive to oritavancin or other glycopeptide antibiotics. People with kidney or liver problems should use the drug cautiously. 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration:  

No data is available regarding the use of the drug during pregnancy. 

Breastfeeding warnings:  

No data is available regarding the secretion of the drug in breast milk. 

Pregnancy category: 

• Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies do not show risk to the fetus in the first/later trimester.        
• Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women        
• Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.       
• Category D: adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.        
• Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.        
• Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category 

Pharmacology

Pharmacology 

Oritavancin is a semisynthetic lipoglycopeptide antibiotic used to treat certain bacterial infections. It is classified as a glycopeptide antibiotic and works by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. oritavancin has a broad spectrum of activity, and it is effective against a range of gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. 

Pharmacodynamics 

oritavancin has a long half-life, which allows it to be given as a single dose and helps to prevent the development of resistance to the antibiotic. It is metabolized by the liver and eliminated in the urine and feces.  

Pharmacokinetics 

After intravenous administration, oritavancin is rapidly absorbed and reaches peak plasma concentrations within 1-2 hours. 

Absorption 

The absorption of oritavancin is achieved in 1-2 hours. The peak plasma concentration is 138 mcg/ml. The value of the area under the curve for 0-24 hours is around 1110 mcg×hr/ml. 

Distribution 

Protein is bound at 85%, and the volume of distribution is 87.6L which is extensively distributed into tissues. 

Metabolism 

The drug is not metabolized due to weak inhibitors of CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 

Elimination and excretion 

The drug’s half-life is 2.29 hours, 13.4 hours, and 245 hours for an alpha, beta, and terminal, respectively. 

Adminstartion

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name: oritavancin 

Pronounced: or-ita-van-cin 

Why do we use oritavancin? 

oritavancin helps treat skin structure infections.