peanut oral allergen powder

Action and Spectrum

Peanut oral allergen powders are a form of immunotherapy that can treat peanut allergies. They work by gradually increasing the peanut protein an individual is exposed to, desensitizing them to peanuts, and reducing the severity of allergic reactions. 

The specific actions and spectrum of these products may vary depending on the product used. In general, peanut oral allergen powders are administered in gradually increasing doses over some time. This process is known as “dose escalation.” The final maintenance dose is typically maintained for several months to a year before the treatment is discontinued. 

It is important to follow the dosage and administration recommendations a healthcare professional provides when using peanut oral allergen powders. It is also important to avoid eating peanuts or peanut products while using these products, as this can increase the risk of a severe allergic reaction. 

The goal of peanut oral allergen powders is to help individuals with peanut allergies become less sensitive to peanuts, reducing the risk of severe allergic reactions. However, it is essential to note that these products are not a cure for peanut allergies and that individuals should continue to avoid peanuts and peanut products even after treatment is completed. 

Top of Form 

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency defined:  

>10% 

Initial dose escalation 

Abdominal pain 

Updosing 

Throat irritation 

Cough 

Skin pruritis 

Skin urticaria 

Sneezing  

Oral paresthesia 

Abdominal pain 

Vomiting 

Nausea 

Throat tightness 

Wheezing 

300mg maintenance 

Skin urticaria 

Oral pruritis 

Skin pruritis 

Sneezing 

Abdominal pain 

Cough 

Vomiting 

Nausea 

1-10% 

Initial dose escalation 

Oral pruritis 

Skin pruritis 

Sneezing 

Cough 

Oral paresthesia 

Throat irritation 

Nausea 

Skin urticaria 

Vomiting 

Up-dosing 

Dyspnea 

Ear pruritis 

300-mg maintenance 

Oral paresthesia 

Wheezing 

Ear pruritis 

Anaphylactic action 

Throat tightness 

Dyspnea 

<1% 

Initial dose escalation 

Wheezing 

Ear pruritis 

Anaphylactic action 

Dyspnea 

Black Box Warning

Contraindication / Caution

Peanut oral allergen powders are used in the treatment of peanut allergies. They are a form of immunotherapy that can help desensitize individuals to peanuts. While they can effectively reduce the severity of allergic reactions to peanuts, there are some cautions to be aware of when using these products. 

One caution is that oral allergen powders should only be used under the supervision of a healthcare professional, such as an allergist or immunologist. It is important to follow the dosage and administration recommendations provided by your healthcare provider to ensure the safety and effectiveness of treatment. 

Another caution is that oral allergen powders can cause allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. It is essential to have access to injectable epinephrine and to know how to use it in case of a severe allergic reaction. Your healthcare provider will provide instructions on what to do in case of a reaction. 

It is also essential to avoid eating peanuts or peanut products while using oral allergen powders, as this can increase the risk of a severe allergic reaction. 

In summary, oral allergen powders can be an effective treatment for peanut allergies. Still, it is essential to use them under the supervision of a healthcare professional and to be aware of the potential risks and cautions. 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration: Insufficient data available 

Lactation: Excretion of the drug in human breast milk is unknown 

Pregnancy category: 

Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.   

Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women. 

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.    

Category D: adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.    

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.    

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category 

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics 

The pharmacodynamics of peanut oral allergen powder is not fully understood, but it is thought to work by inducing a state of tolerance to peanuts in the body’s immune system. When the body is exposed to peanuts, the immune system typically responds by producing antibodies called immunoglobulin E (IgE) that bind to peanuts and trigger an allergic reaction. Peanut oral allergen powder is thought to work by gradually exposing the body to small amounts of peanut allergen powder, which may help to reduce the production of IgE and prevent the immune system from reacting to peanuts. 

In clinical studies, peanut oral allergen powder has been shown to effectively reduce the risk of a severe allergic reaction to peanuts and improve the patient’s quality of life. However, the long-term benefits and risks of treatment with peanut oral allergen powder are not yet fully understood. As with any medication, there are potential side effects associated with peanut oral allergen powder, including nausea, vomiting, and allergic reactions. It is essential to discuss the benefits and risks of treatment with a healthcare provider before starting OIT.  

Pharmacokinetics 

Absorption: Peanut oral allergen powder is taken orally as a powder mixed with a small amount of water. It is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, reaching peak concentrations within 1-2 hours. The bioavailability of peanut oral allergen powder (the extent to which the drug is absorbed and becomes available in the bloodstream) is not well understood, but it is thought to be high. 

Distribution: After absorption, peanut oral allergen powder is distributed throughout the body. The exact distribution of peanut oral allergen powder is not fully understood, but it is thought to be widely distributed to tissues and organs. 

Metabolism: Peanut oral allergen powder is not thought to be metabolized (broken down) in the body. 

Excretion:  

Peanut oral allergen powder is not thought to be significantly excreted through urine or feces. The elimination half-life of peanut oral allergen powder (the time it takes for the concentration of the drug in the body to be reduced by half) is not well understood, but it is thought to be relatively short. 

Adminstartion

Peanut oral allergen powder treats peanut allergy in children and adolescents. It is typically administered as part of an oral immunotherapy (OIT) treatment, which involves gradually increasing the dose of peanut allergen powder over time to build up the patient’s tolerance to peanuts. 

Peanut oral allergen powder is taken orally as a powder mixed with a small amount of water. It is usually administered once daily, although the dosing schedule may vary depending on the individual patient and the specific treatment plan. Peanut oral allergen powder is typically taken under the supervision of a healthcare provider in a medical setting, such as a doctor’s office or clinic. 

Before starting treatment with peanut oral allergen powder, discussing the treatment’s potential risks and benefits with a healthcare provider is essential. The healthcare provider will determine the appropriate starting dose and dosing schedule based on factors such as the patient’s age, weight, and severity of peanut allergy. 

It is essential to follow the dosing instructions provided by the healthcare provider and not to take more or less medication than prescribed. If you miss a peanut oral allergen powder dose, you should contact your healthcare provider for guidance. Do not try to make up for a missed dose by taking an extra dose or taking the medication more frequently. 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name: Peanut oral allergen powder 

Why do we use Peanut oral allergen powder? 

Peanut oral allergen powder treats peanut allergies in children and adolescents. Peanut allergy is a condition in which the body’s immune system reacts to peanuts as if they are harmful, leading to symptoms such as hives, itching, difficulty breathing, and swelling. In severe cases, peanut allergy can cause a potentially life-threatening reaction called anaphylaxis. 

Peanut oral allergen powder is taken orally as a powder mixed with a small amount of water. It is typically administered under the supervision of a healthcare provider as part of a treatment plan called oral immunotherapy (OIT). OIT involves gradually increasing the dose of peanut allergen powder over time to build up the patient’s tolerance to peanuts. The goal of OIT is to reduce the risk of a severe allergic reaction to peanuts and to improve the patient’s quality of life. 

Peanut oral allergen powder is not a cure for peanut allergy and is not suitable for everyone. It is essential to discuss the potential risks and benefits of treatment with a healthcare provider before starting OIT. Some potential side effects of peanut oral allergen powder include nausea, vomiting, and allergic reactions. It is essential to follow the dosing instructions provided by your healthcare provider and to report any symptoms or concerns to your healthcare provider immediately