prothionamide

Action and Spectrum

Actions and spectrum: 

This is an antibiotic drug which exerts its mechanism of action by slowing down the bacterial growth in tuberculosis. It is known to work similarly to that of ethionamides. The spread of infection is reduced by preventing the further growth of bacteria and other pathogens. 

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Adverse reactions 

Peripheral neuritis 

Seizures 

Psychotic disturbances 

Anxiety 

Tremors 

Hallucination 

Mental depression 

Pellagra-like syndrome 

Paresthesia 

Dizzinesss 

Drowsiness 

Headache 

Restlessness 

Hepatitis 

Stomatitis 

Vomiting 

Diarrhea 

Nausea 

Excessive salivation 

Abdominal pain 

Metallic taste 

Weight loss 

Transient raise in serum bilirubin 

Anorexia 

Olfactory disturbances 

Blurred vision 

Rash 

Dermatitis 

Optic neuritis 

Acne 

Purpura 

Alopecia 

Photosensitivity 

Black Box Warning

Black box warning 

Complete the course for the prescribed duration without any breaks 

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindications/Caution 

Contraindications 

Hypersensitivity 

Severe hepatic disorders 

Cautions 

Renal impairment 

Hepatic impairment 

Drug interactions 

Pregnancy  

Drug resistance 

Breastfeeding 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy & breastfeeding: 

Pregnancy consideration: 

Safety study about the use of the drug in pregnancy is not available 

Breastfeeding warnings: 

Data about the excretion of the drug into human milk is not available 

Pregnancy category: 

• Category A: well-controlled and satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester. 
• Category B: There was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women. 
• Category C: There was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women. 
• Category D: Adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits. 
• Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence, these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women. 
• Category N: No data for the drug under this category is available. 

Pharmacology

Pharmacology: 

Prothionamide is a derivative of thioamide indicated in treating MDR-tuberculosis. 

Pharmacodynamics: 

Prothionamide is often given as medicine for tuberculosis, but there are instances where it could work as well in leprosy situations. It helps reduce the speed at which diseases spread by stopping other germs or bacteria. 

Pharmacokinetics: 

Absorption 

The time to achieve peak effect is 2 hours. 

Distribution 

The drug is known to be distributed widely into CSF and the body fluids. 

Metabolism 

It is known to undergo metabolism in liver and convert to sulfoxide and other metabolites. 

Elimination and Excretion 

Less than 1% of the drug is known to be excreted in urine. 

Adminstartion

Administration: 

This is usually administered orally and recommended to take with food. 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name: prothionamide 

Why do we use prothionamide? 

This drug is used in treating multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis. It is considered as a second- line of treatment in tubercuolosis.