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Brand Name :
Muro 128 5%, Muro 128 2%, Muro 128 5% Ointment
Synonyms :
sodium chloride hypertonic, ophthalmic
Class :
Ophthalmics, Other
Brand Name :
Muro 128 5%, Muro 128 2%, Muro 128 5% Ointment
Synonyms :
sodium chloride hypertonic, ophthalmic
Class :
Ophthalmics, Other
Dosage forms and strengths
ophthalmic ointment
5%
ophthalmic solution
5%
2%
Indicated for corneal Edema
Ophthalmic solution- Administer 1-2 drops into the affected eye(s) every 3-4 hours or as instructed by a healthcare professional
Ophthalmic ointment- lower the eyelid(s) gently and administer a small quantity (approximately 1/4 inch) of ointment on the inner surface of the eyelid
Apply one time daily and follow the instructions of healthcare provider
Dosage forms and strengths
ophthalmic ointment
5%
opthalmic solution
5%
2%
Indicated for corneal edema
Ophthalmic solution-Administer 1-2 drops into the affected eye(s) every 3-4 hours or as instructed by a healthcare professional
Ophthalmic ointment- lower the eyelid(s) gently and administer a small quantity (approximately 1/4 inch) of ointment on the inner surface of the eyelid
Apply every 3-4 hours or as instructed by a healthcare professional
Refer adult dosing
Actions and Spectrum:
Action: The primary action of sodium chloride hypertonic solution is to draw water out of the cells in the eye through osmosis, shrinking cells and reducing swelling or edema. It acts as a decongestant and can be used to relieve symptoms of certain eye conditions.
Spectrum: sodium chloride hypertonic, ophthalmic solution has a relatively narrow spectrum of action as it is primarily used for its osmotic properties. It is not intended to treat specific infections or target particular microorganisms. Instead, its spectrum of action is focused on reducing swelling and promoting the normal functioning of cells in the eye.
Frequency not defined
temporary burning and irritation
Black Box Warning:
None
Contraindication/Caution:
Hypersensitivity: Individuals who are hypersensitive or allergic to sodium chloride or any of the other components of the solution should avoid its use.
Severe corneal damage: In cases of severe corneal damage or ulceration, the use of hypertonic sodium chloride solution may exacerbate the condition or cause further irritation. It is essential to consult an ophthalmologist before using this solution in such cases.
Dry eye syndrome: While hypertonic sodium chloride solution may be used to treat certain types of corneal edema, it is generally not recommended for individuals with dry eye syndrome, as it can further exacerbate the symptoms of dryness and discomfort.
Contact lens use: The use of hypertonic sodium chloride solution is not recommended while wearing contact lenses. The solution can cause discomfort, irritation, or damage to the lenses. It is advisable to remove contact lenses before using the solution and wait for a sufficient period before reinserting them.
Pregnancy warnings:
Pregnancy category: N/A
Lactation: Excreted into human milk is unknown
Pregnancy Categories:
Category A: Studies that were well-controlled and met expectations revealed no risk to the fetus in either the first or second trimester.
Category B: There were a lack of studies on pregnant women and no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal experiments.
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category
Pharmacology:
sodium chloride hypertonic solution, when used ophthalmically, is a pharmacological preparation that contains a higher concentration of sodium chloride (salt) compared to normal tears.
Pharmacodynamics:
sodium chloride hypertonic solution works by creating an osmotic gradient on the ocular surface. When applied topically, it draws water out of the cornea, conjunctiva, and other ocular tissues, thereby reducing edema (swelling) and promoting the removal of excess fluid. This mechanism helps in relieving symptoms such as eye redness, irritation, and discomfort.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption
When applied topically to the eye, sodium chloride hypertonic solution is not significantly absorbed into the bloodstream. It remains primarily on the surface of the eye, exerting its effects locally.
Distribution
Since the solution remains localized on the eye’s surface, it does not undergo significant distribution throughout the body. Any distribution that may occur is minimal.
Metabolism
The body does not metabolize sodium chloride hypertonic solution. It is essentially a saline solution consisting of water and sodium chloride, which are naturally occurring substances in the body.
Excretion and Elimination
The solution does not undergo systemic excretion since it remains primarily on the eye’s surface. Any excess solution is typically blinked away or drained through the tear ducts.
Administration:
The ophthalmic ointment is used for nighttime application and does not contain preservatives. Conversely, the ophthalmic solution is recommended for daytime use. To prevent contamination, it is important to refrain from touching the container’s tip to any surface. remember to replace the cap after each use.
Patient information leaflet
Generic Name: sodium chloride hypertonic, ophthalmic
Why do we use sodium chloride hypertonic, ophthalmic?
Ocular Decongestant: hypertonic sodium chloride solution can be used to alleviate eye redness and congestion caused by environmental factors, such as allergies, dust, or smoke. It helps reduce swelling and opens up congested blood vessels in the eyes, providing temporary relief.
Dry Eye Syndrome: hypertonic sodium saline solution is sometimes used to treat dry eye syndrome. It helps increase the moisture content on the ocular surface, providing temporary relief from dryness, irritation, and discomfort.
Corneal Edema: hypertonic sodium chloride solution can be used to draw out excess fluid from the cornea, reducing edema and improving vision in certain cases.
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