- March 15, 2022
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Brand Name :
Achromycin V, Actisite, Sumycin
Synonyms :
tetracycline
Class :
Antibiotics, Tetracyclines
Dosage forms & Strengths
Tablet
250mg
500mg
Capsule
250mg
500mg
A dose of 500 mg orally every 12 hours or 250 mg orally every 6 hours is indicated in chronic bronchitis infection
An initial dose of 1 gm/day orally
After the gradual improvement, reduce the dose to 125-500 mg/day
In case of patients allergic to penicillin are administered tetracyclines
In the early stage of syphilis- 500 mg oral tablets every 6 hours to be taken for 15 days
For an extended duration, a dose of 500 mg orally every 6 hours for 30 days
500 mg of tetracycline orally every 6 hours for 7 days
Safety and efficacy are not seen in children below 8 years
For children above 8 years, 25-50 mg/kg per day orally every 6 hours that should not exceed 3 gm/day
Refer to the adult dosing
aluminum hydroxide/magnesium carbonate
may decrease the serum concentration of antacids
antibiotics reduce the effect of intravesical live BCG vaccine
antibiotics reduce the effect of the cholera vaccine
tetracyclines increase the neuromuscular blocking property of mecamylamine
tetracyclines increase the nephrotoxic property of methoxyflurane
tetracyclines increase the toxic or adverse effect of retinoic acid derivatives
it decreases the concentration of tetracycline in serum
It may diminish the effect when combined with phenobarbital by affecting the intestinal/hepatic enzyme CYP3A4
nafcillin will decrease the effect of action of tetracycline by antagonism.
bismuth subsalicylate reduces the levels of tetracycline by inhibiting gastrointestinal absorption
lansoprazole amoxicillin and clarithromycin
when amoxicillin combines with tetracycline it decreases the effects of the action of drug by antagonism effect
amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium
when amoxicillin combines with tetracycline it decreases the effects of the action of drug by antagonism effect
omeprazole amoxicillin and clarithromycin
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased effect of the drug's action by antagonism effect
tetracyclines decrease the concentration of atovaquone in serum
antibiotics decrease the effectiveness of the BCG vaccine
it decreases the systemic absorption of tetracyclines
antibiotics decrease the efficacy of estriol and lactobacillus
tetracyclines increase the concentration of lithium in serum
it interacts through an unknown mechanism with tetracyclines
tetracyclines increase the hepatotoxicity of mipomersen
tetracyclines decrease the efficacy of penicillins
it decreases the concentration of tetracyclines in serum
tetracyclines increase the blood-glucose-lowering effect of sulfonylureas
may increase the risk of adverse effects
may increase the risk of adverse effects
may increase the risk of adverse effects
may increase the risk of adverse effects
may increase the risk of adverse effects
may enhance the neuromuscular-blocking effect
may enhance the neuromuscular-blocking effect
may enhance the neuromuscular-blocking effect
may enhance the neuromuscular-blocking effect
may enhance the neuromuscular-blocking effect
may enhance the neuromuscular-blocking effect
ay enhance the anticoagulant effect
ay enhance the anticoagulant effect
ay enhance the anticoagulant effect
ay enhance the anticoagulant effect
ay enhance the anticoagulant effect
They may diminish the absorption when combined with bile acid sequestrants
It may enhance the effect when combined with cannabidiol by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the serum concentration when combined with CYP3A4 Substrates
It may enhance the serum concentration when combined with CYP3A4 Substrates
It may enhance the serum concentration when combined with CYP3A4 Substrates
It may enhance the serum concentration when combined with CYP3A4 Substrates
It may enhance the serum concentration when combined with CYP3A4 Substrates
piperacillin decreases the effectiveness of tetracycline by antagonism.
When bacampicillin combines with tetracycline, the effect and action of bacampicillin decreases.
When penicillin G benzathine combines with tetracycline, the action and effectiveness of penicillin G benzathine decreases.
the effect of tetracycline is decreased by lorlatinib, by altering intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
may decrease the serum concentration and decrease in the efficacy
may reduce the rate of absorption of tetracyclines
may reduce the rate of absorption of tetracyclines
may reduce the rate of absorption of tetracyclines
may reduce the rate of absorption of tetracyclines
may reduce the rate of absorption of tetracyclines
may increase the hypoglycemic effect of sulfonylureas
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may decrease the rate of absorption
may decrease the rate of absorption
may decrease the rate of absorption
may decrease the rate of absorption
may diminish the absorption of magnesium salts
may increase the serum concentration when it is combined
tetracyclines reduce the level of atovaquone by inhibiting gastrointestinal absorption
tetracycline decreases the effect or level of pyridoxine by modifying the gut flora
photosensitizing agents increase the effect of verteporfin
Actions and Spectrum:
Some of the actions of tetracycline include:
The spectrum of activity of tetracycline includes:
Frequency not defined
Anorexia
Glossitis
Dysphagia
Teeth discoloration
Enterocolitis
Hepatotoxicity
Fever
Rash
Hemolytic anemia
Urticaria
Contraindication/Caution:
Pregnancy consideration:
Pregnant females should not take this medicine during the second and third trimesters.
Breastfeeding warnings: lactating females can take tetracyclines for a short duration.
Pregnancy category:
Pharmacology:
Pharmacodynamics:
tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. It is a bacteriostatic agent, which means that it stops the growth and reproduction of bacteria rather than killing them outright. tetracycline binds to the bacterial ribosome and prevents the attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA molecules to the ribosome, which is necessary for the elongation of polypeptide chains during protein synthesis. This inhibits the production of new proteins, leading to the death of the bacteria or the inhibition of its growth.
tetracycline is well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration and is distributed widely throughout the body, including in tissues such as the skin, bone, and teeth. It is eliminated from the body primarily through the kidneys but also in bile and feces. The pharmacokinetics of tetracycline can be affected by factors such as the presence of food or antacids in the stomach and liver or kidney disease. The drug can also interact with other medications, such as oral contraceptives and anticoagulants, and can cause side effects such as gastrointestinal upset, photosensitivity, and allergic reactions.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption
75% of drug is absorbed orally
Peak plasma concentration is achieved in 2-4 hours
Distribution
Small amount of drug appears in the bile
Protein bound is 65%
Metabolism
The drug is metabolized in the liver
Elimination and Excretion
The half-life is 8-11 hours (for normal renal function) and 57-108 hours (for end-stage renal disease)
The drug is excreted 60% in urine and in the feces as an active form
Administration
tetracycline is typically administered orally in the form of tablets, capsules, or oral suspension. The medication should be taken on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after meals, with a full glass of water. The reason for taking it on an empty stomach is that food and dairy products can reduce the absorption of the drug, thereby reducing its effectiveness.
The dosage and duration of treatment with tetracycline depend on the type and severity of the infection, the age and weight of the patient, and other individual factors such as kidney or liver function. It is important to follow the prescribing instructions provided by the healthcare provider and to complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve before the medication is finished.
tetracycline should not be taken with antacids or other medications that contain aluminum, calcium, magnesium, or iron, as these can reduce the absorption of the drug. It is also important to avoid exposure to excessive sunlight or artificial UV light during treatment, as tetracycline can increase the skin’s sensitivity to sunlight and cause sunburn.
Patient information leaflet
Generic Name: tetracycline
Pronounced: Teht-rah-cyclin
Why do we use tetracycline?
Some of the common conditions for which tetracycline may be used include:
Acne: tetracycline is often used to treat acne, particularly in cases where other topical treatments have been ineffective.
Respiratory tract infections: tetracycline can treat infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and sinusitis caused by susceptible bacteria.
Urinary tract infections: tetracycline can treat urinary tract infections caused by susceptible bacteria.
Sexually transmitted infections: tetracycline can treat sexually transmitted infections such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis.
Lyme disease: tetracycline can be used to treat Lyme disease caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi.
Periodontal disease: tetracycline can treat periodontal disease, a gum disease caused by bacterial infection.
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