travoprost/timolol

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum:  

Actions:  

The combination of timolol and travoprost effectively reduces intraocular pressure. Travoprost facilitates the drainage of aqueous humor, while timolol reduces its production, synergistically aiding in pressure regulation within the eye. 

Spectrum: 
The drug lowers intraocular pressure by combining travoprost and timolol.  

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency not defined  

Eye pruritis  

Dry eye  

Ocular hyperaemia  

Discomfort of eye 

Black Box Warning

Black Box Warning:  

Take precautions if having kidney or liver disease or pregnancy and lactation. 

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindication/Caution:  

Contraindications  

Hypersensitivity  

Reactive airway disease  

Sinus bradycardia  

Cardiac failure  

Sick sinus syndrome  

Pregnancy  

Bronchial asthma   

Cardiogenic shock  

Cautions  

First degree heart block  

Corneal disease  

Kidney disease 

Labile diabetes  

Drug interactions 

COPD  

Aphakic patients  

Cystoid macular edema  

Hepatic impairment  

Lactating mothers 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration:   

No data is available regarding the administration of the drug during pregnancy.  

Breastfeeding warnings:   

No data is available regarding the excretion of drug in breast milk.  

Pregnancy category:  

Category A: well-controlled and satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.  

<b>Category B: There was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.  

Category C: There was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.     

Category D: Adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.     

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.     

Category N: No data is available for the drug under this category. 

Pharmacology

Pharmacology:  

The combination of timolol maleate and travoprost lowers intraocular pressure in this drug. Timolol maleate begins to act in 30 minutes and peaks in one to two hours, but travoprost acts rapidly, taking 12 hours to achieve its maximal effect. With a single dosage, both components maintain a notable drop in pressure for more than 24 hours, and their efficacy lasts for more than a year. 

Pharmacodynamics:  

The combination of timolol and travoprost effectively reduces intraocular pressure by using their respective mechanisms of action. Travoprost facilitates the outflow of aqueous humor, whereas timolol reduces its production. 

Pharmacokinetics:  

Absorption  

Rapid absorption is via the cornea.  

The time to achieve peak effect is 0.69 hour. 

Metabolism  

Hepatic metabolism  

Elimination and Excretion  

The half-life is 45 minutes/4 hours. 

The drug is excreted in urine. 

Adminstartion

Administration 

The route of administration is ophthalmic. 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet  

Generic Name: travoprost/timolol  

Why do we use travoprost/timolol?  

The combination drug is used in treating ocular hypertension and glaucoma. 

When the other treatments are failed this combination drug is utilised, the drug is mainly used for open-angle glaucoma.