According to EurekAlert, treatment with anti-hyperglycemic medications for Type 2 diabetes was associated with a higher risk of MS in people over 45, particularly in women, but a lower risk in people under 45.
“These findings highlight the need for a precision medicine approach to preventing MS in these vulnerable groups,” says Kathleen Rodgers, Ph.D., the study’s principal author and the Center for Innovation in Brain Science’s assistant director of translational neuroscience.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a potentially devastating illness that disrupts normal neurotransmission. Women have a twice higher risk of developing MS than men. We have so far ruled out every possible reason. Environmental and genetic variables, like other autoimmune illnesses, are considered to have had a role in developing multiple sclerosis (MS).
Myelin is a fatty protective coating that surrounds nerve cells; when injured or destroyed, it can result in symptoms such as decreased eyesight, balance issues, incontinence, and erectile dysfunction. Its effects are severe enough to paralyze you temporarily.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) and type 2 diabetes are both diseases that can affect the same person. Anti-hyperglycemic drugs have been shown in reliable trials to help lessen some of the problems associated with type 2 diabetes. A clinical trial of the diabetic medicine metformin for treating multiple sclerosis was initiated earlier this year.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that attacks the central nervous system, severely limiting an individual’s capacity to think and move freely. The global prevalence of MS is estimated to be 2.8 million, with over 900,000 cases in the United States alone.
Increasing evidence shows heightened autoimmune activity due to metabolic disorders is common in Type 2 diabetes and multiple sclerosis. This raises the question of whether insulin and other anti-hyperglycemic medicines used to treat Type 2 diabetes contributes to multiple sclerosis development.
“Anti-hyperglycemic drugs have been found to have a neuroprotective advantage in Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias,” Dr. Rodgers stated. Patients under the age of 45 who had Type 2 diabetes led the researchers to look at “age and gender disparities in MS,” they said.
After anti-hyperglycemic medication exposure, women aged 45 and up had a statistically significant increase in MS incidence, but males aged 45 and up had a marginally significant increase in risk. After correcting for age, an examination of risk by medication class revealed that insulin exposure in people over the age of 45 was linked with a considerably greater elevated risk compared to other therapies. Patients under 45 who had hyperglycemia treatment had a decreased risk of acquiring multiple sclerosis.
Researchers identified nearly 5 million people with Type 2 diabetes and either early- or late-onset multiple sclerosis using a database of insurance claims from the United States 151 million population. To better understand the risk factors for MS in both younger and older women, but especially in postmenopausal women, data was split by age (those diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes before or after the age of 45) and gender.
Anti-hyperglycemic medication was found to raise the risk of heart attack and stroke in women but not in males, who had low confidence in an association. Menopause, which affects nearly all women in their late forties and early fifties (though perimenopause can begin earlier), is thought to be to blame for this gap, according to researchers.
They discuss how many postmenopausal women deteriorate T2D control due to a lack of estrogenic insulin regulation. Some studies say this might cause considerable inflammation, exacerbating MS symptoms. They do not deny the known evidence indicating that MS incidence rates decline after the age of 40 and, by extension, menopause.
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