Obesity is a complex problem that is caused by a combination of the food we eat, genetics, our behavior, and some other factors. A new study has revealed a gene called SH2B1 that affects how much food a person eats. If there are changes in this gene, it can increase the risk of many health problems such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and liver disease. This liver disease is known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
In this study, researchers have found that the SH2B1 gene is active in a part of the brain. It is also known as the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH). This part helps regulate blood pressure and fluid balance. The gene also creates a circuit with neurons in another area called the dorsal raphe nucleus and that is involved in energy balance, body weight, and emotions. When this circuit is stimulated, it reduces appetite in mice. On the other hand, when the SH2B1 gene is silenced in the PVH, it increases the risk of obesity.Â
Researchers also found that SH2B1 gene helps maintain weight as it enhances BDNF/ TrkB signaling. It promotes brain growth and health in a mature brain. When this signaling goes awry, there is a risk of the development of obesity and metabolic disease.Â
This study clearly shows that SH2B1 protein plays a very important role in enhancing cell signaling and regulating appetite and metabolism. Hence healthcare professionals can suggest some medications that effectively enhance the activity of SH2B1. This can treat obesity and related diseases effectively. Also, there are no identified side effects so far. Â
