The four forms of thyroid cancer historically recognized are anaplastic, medullary, papillary, and follicular. The distinct category of thyroid carcinoma included papillary, medullary, and follicular carcinoma. One of the less well-known kinds of thyroid cancer is thyroid HCC (hurthle cell carcinoma).
It was once thought to be a subtype of follicular thyroid carcinoma. In terms of clinical appearance and metastatic dissemination pattern, it resembles thyroid follicular carcinoma in several ways.
However, due to considerable histopathological and molecular distinctions from follicular thyroid carcinoma, the World Health Organization recognized it as a separate tumor type in 2017. HCC is now recognized as cancer “produced” from follicular thyroid cells rather than a subtype of follicular carcinoma.
Epidemiology
About five percent of differentiated thyroid carcinomas are Hurthle cell carcinomas. Females experience it more commonly, and it is typically diagnosed after the age of forty.
Anatomy
Pathophysiology
When they take the form of Hurthle cell adenomas, Hurthle cell tumors might be benign. HCCs that have metastasized are known for their capsular penetration, thyroid gland, vascular invasion, metastatic dissemination, and distant involvement of lymph nodes.
The ATPase 6 gene, which aids in preserving the integrity of the mitochondrial genome, is thought to have germline variants that have a role in the development of HCC.
Common deletions in the mitochondrial genome have been discovered to be more prevalent in HCC than in other tumor types.
Etiology
For Hurthle cell thyroid cancer, no defined direct causal linkages exist.
At this time, it is known that radiation exposure to the chest, head, and neck, as well as a family background of thyroid carcinoma, increases the risk of thyroid carcinoma.
Genetics
Prognostic Factors
According to case studies, compared to follicular thyroid carcinoma, HCC is more severe, has a greater rate of dissemination, and has a poorer overall rate of survival.
Hurthle cell carcinomas are thought to have negative prognostic characteristics such as older age, extra-thyroid expansion, higher stage at diagnostic testing, female gender, and greater tumor size at diagnosis.
Clinical History
Physical Examination
Age group
Associated comorbidity
Associated activity
Acuity of presentation
Differential Diagnoses
Laboratory Studies
Imaging Studies
Procedures
Histologic Findings
Staging
Treatment Paradigm
by Stage
by Modality
Chemotherapy
Radiation Therapy
Surgical Interventions
Hormone Therapy
Immunotherapy
Hyperthermia
Photodynamic Therapy
Stem Cell Transplant
Targeted Therapy
Palliative Care
Medication
Future Trends
Media Gallary
References
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568736/
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The four forms of thyroid cancer historically recognized are anaplastic, medullary, papillary, and follicular. The distinct category of thyroid carcinoma included papillary, medullary, and follicular carcinoma. One of the less well-known kinds of thyroid cancer is thyroid HCC (hurthle cell carcinoma).
It was once thought to be a subtype of follicular thyroid carcinoma. In terms of clinical appearance and metastatic dissemination pattern, it resembles thyroid follicular carcinoma in several ways.
However, due to considerable histopathological and molecular distinctions from follicular thyroid carcinoma, the World Health Organization recognized it as a separate tumor type in 2017. HCC is now recognized as cancer “produced” from follicular thyroid cells rather than a subtype of follicular carcinoma.
About five percent of differentiated thyroid carcinomas are Hurthle cell carcinomas. Females experience it more commonly, and it is typically diagnosed after the age of forty.
When they take the form of Hurthle cell adenomas, Hurthle cell tumors might be benign. HCCs that have metastasized are known for their capsular penetration, thyroid gland, vascular invasion, metastatic dissemination, and distant involvement of lymph nodes.
The ATPase 6 gene, which aids in preserving the integrity of the mitochondrial genome, is thought to have germline variants that have a role in the development of HCC.
Common deletions in the mitochondrial genome have been discovered to be more prevalent in HCC than in other tumor types.
For Hurthle cell thyroid cancer, no defined direct causal linkages exist.
At this time, it is known that radiation exposure to the chest, head, and neck, as well as a family background of thyroid carcinoma, increases the risk of thyroid carcinoma.
According to case studies, compared to follicular thyroid carcinoma, HCC is more severe, has a greater rate of dissemination, and has a poorer overall rate of survival.
Hurthle cell carcinomas are thought to have negative prognostic characteristics such as older age, extra-thyroid expansion, higher stage at diagnostic testing, female gender, and greater tumor size at diagnosis.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568736/
medtigo
Hurthle Cell Carcinoma
Updated :
September 18, 2022
The four forms of thyroid cancer historically recognized are anaplastic, medullary, papillary, and follicular. The distinct category of thyroid carcinoma included papillary, medullary, and follicular carcinoma. One of the less well-known kinds of thyroid cancer is thyroid HCC (hurthle cell carcinoma).
It was once thought to be a subtype of follicular thyroid carcinoma. In terms of clinical appearance and metastatic dissemination pattern, it resembles thyroid follicular carcinoma in several ways.
However, due to considerable histopathological and molecular distinctions from follicular thyroid carcinoma, the World Health Organization recognized it as a separate tumor type in 2017. HCC is now recognized as cancer “produced” from follicular thyroid cells rather than a subtype of follicular carcinoma.
About five percent of differentiated thyroid carcinomas are Hurthle cell carcinomas. Females experience it more commonly, and it is typically diagnosed after the age of forty.
When they take the form of Hurthle cell adenomas, Hurthle cell tumors might be benign. HCCs that have metastasized are known for their capsular penetration, thyroid gland, vascular invasion, metastatic dissemination, and distant involvement of lymph nodes.
The ATPase 6 gene, which aids in preserving the integrity of the mitochondrial genome, is thought to have germline variants that have a role in the development of HCC.
Common deletions in the mitochondrial genome have been discovered to be more prevalent in HCC than in other tumor types.
For Hurthle cell thyroid cancer, no defined direct causal linkages exist.
At this time, it is known that radiation exposure to the chest, head, and neck, as well as a family background of thyroid carcinoma, increases the risk of thyroid carcinoma.
According to case studies, compared to follicular thyroid carcinoma, HCC is more severe, has a greater rate of dissemination, and has a poorer overall rate of survival.
Hurthle cell carcinomas are thought to have negative prognostic characteristics such as older age, extra-thyroid expansion, higher stage at diagnostic testing, female gender, and greater tumor size at diagnosis.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568736/
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