Localized lipodystrophy in which the loss or abnormal distribution of fat in specific areas of the body.
Lipodystrophy is idiopathic atrophy of adipose tissue. Total lipodystrophy consists of congenital or acquired complete loss of adipose tissue.
Facial fat loss with possible arm and trunk atrophy characterizes partial lipodystrophy presentationn.
Localized lipodystrophy causes loss of adipose tissue. It is caused due to repeated subcutaneous injections in diabetic patients using insulin.
Injection site shows indent due to fat loss. While local fat accumulation creates injection site lump.
Injury or foreign objects under skin may cause inflammation and fat destruction. Autoimmune conditions like lupus or scleroderma can target fat cells.
Long-term corticosteroid injections cause fat tissue loss at the injection site in patients with inflammatory conditions.
Epidemiology
Localized lipodystrophy is a rare condition with few reported cases of related syndromes.
No research on racial distribution in lipodystrophy. Unknown ratio of male to female impact frequency on health.
Gender disparity in affliction frequency among unknown ratio of population. Lipodystrophy can occur from infancy to adulthood.
The onset occurs in first or second decade of individual life.
Anatomy
Pathophysiology
Localized lipodystrophy patients have well-defined atrophic lesions.
Patients may experience local panatrophy and lipodystrophy with morphealike and hemifacial atrophy changes.
Annular lipodystrophy is a type of lipoatrophy seen in patients with connective tissue diseases, to cause inflammation.
No history of corticosteroid, antibiotic, or highly active antiretroviral therapy injection.
HIV-infected patients on protease inhibitors develop generalized lipodystrophy as common complication associated with the virus.
Etiology
Cause of lipodystrophic syndromes is unknown but one subset of this is linked to injection sites.
Trauma can trigger macrophage cytokines that boost lipocyte breakdown in this group.
Animal insulin causes localized lipodystrophy due to cross-reactivity with lipids. Localized rare lipodystrophy from cross-reactivity with synthetic insulin.
Genetics
Prognostic Factors
Prognosis is benign, mortality and morbidity depend on organ system involvement and comorbid conditions.
Patients without multi-organ involvement have normal life expectancy and no disability.
Lipodystrophy generally benign with mortality and morbidity linked to organ involvement.
Patients with isolated organ system involvement have normal life expectancy.
Clinical History
Collect details including chief complaint, history of present illness, and medical history to understand clinical history of patient.
Physical Examination
Systemic examination
Endocrine examination
Cardiovascular examination
Age group
Associated comorbidity
Associated activity
Acuity of presentation
Acute symptoms are:
Depressions or indentations
Fat lumps or hypertrophic areas
Asymmetry
Soft tissue abnormalities
Differential Diagnoses
Acquired Partial Lipodystrophy
Congenital generalized lipodystrophy
Acquired generalized lipodystrophy
Congenital partial lipodystrophy
Laboratory Studies
Imaging Studies
Procedures
Histologic Findings
Staging
Treatment Paradigm
No specific medical treatment is available for lipodystrophy.
Biopsies and serological markers guide treatment due to lack of specific medical intervention for lesions.
Treatment of insulin lipodystrophy involves reassurance, switch to purified insulin, and rotate injection sites to unaffected areas.
Regimen helps over 95% of patients with improvement in weeks and full recovery in 2 months.
Address immunological disorders to prevent disease progression.
Mention preventative measure against immunological disorder.
Localized lipodystrophy in which the loss or abnormal distribution of fat in specific areas of the body.
Lipodystrophy is idiopathic atrophy of adipose tissue. Total lipodystrophy consists of congenital or acquired complete loss of adipose tissue.
Facial fat loss with possible arm and trunk atrophy characterizes partial lipodystrophy presentationn.
Localized lipodystrophy causes loss of adipose tissue. It is caused due to repeated subcutaneous injections in diabetic patients using insulin.
Injection site shows indent due to fat loss. While local fat accumulation creates injection site lump.
Injury or foreign objects under skin may cause inflammation and fat destruction. Autoimmune conditions like lupus or scleroderma can target fat cells.
Long-term corticosteroid injections cause fat tissue loss at the injection site in patients with inflammatory conditions.
Localized lipodystrophy is a rare condition with few reported cases of related syndromes.
No research on racial distribution in lipodystrophy. Unknown ratio of male to female impact frequency on health.
Gender disparity in affliction frequency among unknown ratio of population. Lipodystrophy can occur from infancy to adulthood.
The onset occurs in first or second decade of individual life.
Localized lipodystrophy patients have well-defined atrophic lesions.
Patients may experience local panatrophy and lipodystrophy with morphealike and hemifacial atrophy changes.
Annular lipodystrophy is a type of lipoatrophy seen in patients with connective tissue diseases, to cause inflammation.
No history of corticosteroid, antibiotic, or highly active antiretroviral therapy injection.
HIV-infected patients on protease inhibitors develop generalized lipodystrophy as common complication associated with the virus.
Cause of lipodystrophic syndromes is unknown but one subset of this is linked to injection sites.
Trauma can trigger macrophage cytokines that boost lipocyte breakdown in this group.
Animal insulin causes localized lipodystrophy due to cross-reactivity with lipids. Localized rare lipodystrophy from cross-reactivity with synthetic insulin.
Prognosis is benign, mortality and morbidity depend on organ system involvement and comorbid conditions.
Patients without multi-organ involvement have normal life expectancy and no disability.
Lipodystrophy generally benign with mortality and morbidity linked to organ involvement.
Patients with isolated organ system involvement have normal life expectancy.
Collect details including chief complaint, history of present illness, and medical history to understand clinical history of patient.
Systemic examination
Endocrine examination
Cardiovascular examination
Acute symptoms are:
Depressions or indentations
Fat lumps or hypertrophic areas
Asymmetry
Soft tissue abnormalities
Acquired Partial Lipodystrophy
Congenital generalized lipodystrophy
Acquired generalized lipodystrophy
Congenital partial lipodystrophy
No specific medical treatment is available for lipodystrophy.
Biopsies and serological markers guide treatment due to lack of specific medical intervention for lesions.
Treatment of insulin lipodystrophy involves reassurance, switch to purified insulin, and rotate injection sites to unaffected areas.
Regimen helps over 95% of patients with improvement in weeks and full recovery in 2 months.
Address immunological disorders to prevent disease progression.
Mention preventative measure against immunological disorder.
Endocrinology, Metabolism
Reduce mechanical stress or pressure on the affected area in cases where lipodystrophy occurs in response to chronic mechanical forces.
Hydrate skin in lipoatrophy areas to maintain thickness and health.
Protect damaged skin from sunlight with sunscreen or clothing to prevent UV sensitivity.
Balance diet, exercise for healthy fat distribution and metabolism improvement.
Proper glycemic control in diabetic patients decreases lipodystrophy risk and tissue healing.
Proper awareness about localized lipodystrophy should be provided and its related causes with management strategies.
Appointments with an endocrinologist and preventing recurrence of disorder is an ongoing life-long effort.
Endocrinology, Metabolism
No specific medical therapy or medicines have shown effective results in patients.
Endocrinology, Metabolism
Adipofascial flap surgery is very successful in some patients. No specific inpatient care is required for this condition.
Endocrinology, Metabolism
In the initial assessment phase, evaluate and check airway, breathing, and circulation to stabilize the patient.
In supportive care and management phase, patients should receive required attention such as lifestyle modification and intervention therapies.
The regular follow-up visits with the endocrinologist are scheduled to check the improvement of patients along with treatment response
Localized lipodystrophy in which the loss or abnormal distribution of fat in specific areas of the body.
Lipodystrophy is idiopathic atrophy of adipose tissue. Total lipodystrophy consists of congenital or acquired complete loss of adipose tissue.
Facial fat loss with possible arm and trunk atrophy characterizes partial lipodystrophy presentationn.
Localized lipodystrophy causes loss of adipose tissue. It is caused due to repeated subcutaneous injections in diabetic patients using insulin.
Injection site shows indent due to fat loss. While local fat accumulation creates injection site lump.
Injury or foreign objects under skin may cause inflammation and fat destruction. Autoimmune conditions like lupus or scleroderma can target fat cells.
Long-term corticosteroid injections cause fat tissue loss at the injection site in patients with inflammatory conditions.
Localized lipodystrophy is a rare condition with few reported cases of related syndromes.
No research on racial distribution in lipodystrophy. Unknown ratio of male to female impact frequency on health.
Gender disparity in affliction frequency among unknown ratio of population. Lipodystrophy can occur from infancy to adulthood.
The onset occurs in first or second decade of individual life.
Localized lipodystrophy patients have well-defined atrophic lesions.
Patients may experience local panatrophy and lipodystrophy with morphealike and hemifacial atrophy changes.
Annular lipodystrophy is a type of lipoatrophy seen in patients with connective tissue diseases, to cause inflammation.
No history of corticosteroid, antibiotic, or highly active antiretroviral therapy injection.
HIV-infected patients on protease inhibitors develop generalized lipodystrophy as common complication associated with the virus.
Cause of lipodystrophic syndromes is unknown but one subset of this is linked to injection sites.
Trauma can trigger macrophage cytokines that boost lipocyte breakdown in this group.
Animal insulin causes localized lipodystrophy due to cross-reactivity with lipids. Localized rare lipodystrophy from cross-reactivity with synthetic insulin.
Prognosis is benign, mortality and morbidity depend on organ system involvement and comorbid conditions.
Patients without multi-organ involvement have normal life expectancy and no disability.
Lipodystrophy generally benign with mortality and morbidity linked to organ involvement.
Patients with isolated organ system involvement have normal life expectancy.
Collect details including chief complaint, history of present illness, and medical history to understand clinical history of patient.
Systemic examination
Endocrine examination
Cardiovascular examination
Acute symptoms are:
Depressions or indentations
Fat lumps or hypertrophic areas
Asymmetry
Soft tissue abnormalities
Acquired Partial Lipodystrophy
Congenital generalized lipodystrophy
Acquired generalized lipodystrophy
Congenital partial lipodystrophy
No specific medical treatment is available for lipodystrophy.
Biopsies and serological markers guide treatment due to lack of specific medical intervention for lesions.
Treatment of insulin lipodystrophy involves reassurance, switch to purified insulin, and rotate injection sites to unaffected areas.
Regimen helps over 95% of patients with improvement in weeks and full recovery in 2 months.
Address immunological disorders to prevent disease progression.
Mention preventative measure against immunological disorder.
Endocrinology, Metabolism
Reduce mechanical stress or pressure on the affected area in cases where lipodystrophy occurs in response to chronic mechanical forces.
Hydrate skin in lipoatrophy areas to maintain thickness and health.
Protect damaged skin from sunlight with sunscreen or clothing to prevent UV sensitivity.
Balance diet, exercise for healthy fat distribution and metabolism improvement.
Proper glycemic control in diabetic patients decreases lipodystrophy risk and tissue healing.
Proper awareness about localized lipodystrophy should be provided and its related causes with management strategies.
Appointments with an endocrinologist and preventing recurrence of disorder is an ongoing life-long effort.
Endocrinology, Metabolism
No specific medical therapy or medicines have shown effective results in patients.
Endocrinology, Metabolism
Adipofascial flap surgery is very successful in some patients. No specific inpatient care is required for this condition.
Endocrinology, Metabolism
In the initial assessment phase, evaluate and check airway, breathing, and circulation to stabilize the patient.
In supportive care and management phase, patients should receive required attention such as lifestyle modification and intervention therapies.
The regular follow-up visits with the endocrinologist are scheduled to check the improvement of patients along with treatment response
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