Pneumococcal infections

Updated: December 22, 2022

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Background

Epidemiology

Anatomy

Pathophysiology

Etiology

Genetics

Prognostic Factors

Clinical History

Physical Examination

Age group

Associated comorbidity

Associated activity

Acuity of presentation

Differential Diagnoses

Laboratory Studies

Imaging Studies

Procedures

Histologic Findings

Staging

Treatment Paradigm

by Stage

by Modality

Chemotherapy

Radiation Therapy

Surgical Interventions

Hormone Therapy

Immunotherapy

Hyperthermia

Photodynamic Therapy

Stem Cell Transplant

Targeted Therapy

Palliative Care

Medication

 

penicillin v 

250 - 500

mg

Orally 

every 6 hrs

till the patient becomes afebrile for 2 days



pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent 

0.5

ml

Solution

Intramuscular (IM)

one time only

It is recommended for use in active immunization to prevent pneumococcal disease, which is caused by the vaccine's 23 serotypes.



 

penicillin v 

Age >12 years:

250 - 500

mg

Orally 

every 6 hrs


till the patient becomes afebrile for a period of 2 days



phenoxymethylpenicillin 


Indicated for Pneumococcal infections of respiratory tract, otitis media Age 6-12 years
250 mg orally four times a day
Age 1-5 years
125 mg orally four times a day
Age <1 year
62.5 mg orally four times a day
Recurrent rheumatic fever as Prophylaxis
Age 6-12 years
250 mg orally four times a day
Age 1-5 years
125 mg orally four times a day
Age <1 year
62.5 mg orally four times a day
Susceptible infections
Age 6-12 years
250 mg orally four times a day
Age 1-5 years
125 mg orally four times a day
Age <1 year
62.5 mg orally four times a day



pneumococcal 7-valent vaccine 

Indicated for pneumococcal disease prophylaxis
Age 2 month-6 month: Administer 0.5 ml intramuscularly; give each three doses for eight weeks, which is continued with a fourth dose administered between 12-15 months
Age 7 month-12 month: Administer 0.5 mL intramuscularly with a minimum of four weeks between the first and second doses, continued by a third dose at the age of one year, with an eight-week gap between the second and third doses Individuals who have previously been administered 1-2 doses of the conjugate vaccine but have not completed the full regimen should be administered with a 0.5 mL intramuscular (IM) injection, continued by an additional dose after a minimum of eight weeks when they reach the age of 12-15 months
Age 1 year-2 years: Administer 0.5 mL intramuscularly with a minimum interval of eight weeks between doses Individuals who were administered a single vaccine dose prior to reaching the age of twelve months but have not yet finished the full vaccination regimen should be administered a 0.5 mL dose, continued by a second dose with a minimum of eight weeks Individuals who have earlier been administered two doses of the vaccine before reaching age of twelve months should be administered a 0.5 mL dose after a minimum of eight weeks have passed since their most recent vaccination
Age 2 years-5 years: Administering 0.5 mL as one dosage is recommended for patients who have initiated the vaccination process but experienced a lapse, a 0.5 mL one dose is advised in that case Individuals suffering from chronic illnesses or those with weakened immune systems the recommended dosage consists of two administrations, each with 0.5 ml with an interval of no less than eight weeks between them
Children with sickle cell/HIV infection, asplenia/immunocompromised/chronic illness: Administer 0.5 mL intramuscularly (IM) in two separate doses, with a minimum interval of at least eight weeks between each dose
Polysaccharide Vaccine: Age 2 years: Administer 0.5 ml subcutaneously or intramuscularly earlier vaccinated with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: Immunocompromised patients/sickle cell anemia/HIV/aplasia:
Inject 0.5 mL either intramuscularly (IM) or subcutaneously A follow-up vaccination is recommended after a period exceeding 5 years, and it should not be administered within a span of less than three years
chronic illness patients: Administer 0.5 mL via intramuscular (IM) or subcutaneous injection Revaccination is not advised Following transplant of bone marrow:
Administer 0.5 mL via intramuscular (IM) or subcutaneous injection at the twelve & twenty four month intervals post-transplantation



pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent 

0.5

ml

Intramuscular (IM)

one time only


Less than two years of age:
Safety study is not established
More than two years of age: 0.5ml intramuscular or subcutaneous, one time



 

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Pneumococcal infections

Updated : December 22, 2022

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