Polymyositis is an inflammatory disorder ending in the loss of muscle strength and the general inflammation throughout the body. This disease is categorized as autoimmune disease which in turn refers to damage and weakness leading unintentionally from the immune system of the body which is attacking wrongly on its own muscle. Atrophy of specific muscle groups is seen with progressive muscle weakness being a characteristic feature of polymyositis most commonly involving muscles around the waist and central part of the body namely the ones in the upper arms thighs or hips and shoulders. Everyday activities such as lifting products climbing stairs and getting out of chair might appear like challenging task to those who suffer this weakness. The feature of polymyositis is myositis which includes the inflammation of muscles. This can be expressed by the symptoms of soreness discomfort and swelling. Both the blood tests that can detect the changes in the amount of muscle enzymes when injured muscle tissues are releasing these enzymes into the bloodstream and tests that measure the muscle enzymes levels are useful for identifying the inflammation.
Epidemiology
Men are twice as likely to have inclusion body myositis although women are more likely to develop polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Polymyositis often affects adults over the age of 20 especially those in their 40s to 60s. Polymyositis seldom rarely children. The age at which polymyositis with extra collagen vascular disease initially appears is related to the associated disorder.
Anatomy
Pathophysiology
Polymyositis is a type of autoimmune illness that is recognized when immune system deliberately the body’s own tissue. One of the
distinctive features of this disease is the inappropriate biological response to some components of the muscle-bone tissues. This will show up as a proliferating T lymphocyte population and macrophage population that are self-reactive and actively target muscle tissue. These genetic variables most likely contribute significantly to polymyositis in its early phases in vulnerable people.
Etiology
Since polymyositis is an autoimmune disease it is characterised by an abnormal immune response which occurs when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own muscle tissue. Immune checkpoints and cytokine signalling pathways may be dysregulated in polymyositis leading to the collapse of immunological tolerance and the onset of autoimmunity.
Genetics
Prognostic Factors
The prognosis will depend on certain factors like age, severity of initial symptoms and extent of muscle involvement.
Clinical History
Age group:
Although polymyositis may affect anyone of any age persons between the ages of 30 and 60 are the ones who typically experience it. Adult cases of polymyositis usually follow a bimodal distribution with a peak in cases seen in people over 60 and another in those between 30 and 50 years of age.
Physical Examination
The following parameters are assessed in physical assessment:
Muscle Strength
Muscle Bulk
Range of Motion
Age group
Associated comorbidity
Associated activity
Acuity of presentation
The symptoms of polymyositis sometimes appear slowly over weeks or months with an insidious beginning in many patients. Patients may first experience mild symptoms including weariness muscular weakness and trouble doing tasks that call for strength, such lifting goods or climbing stairs. Some people may have a subacute start of symptoms which progresses more quickly over a few weeks and is characterised by tiredness and muscular weakness.
Differential Diagnoses
Dermatomyositis
Inclusion Body Myositis
Viral Myositis
Metabolic Myopathies
Laboratory Studies
Imaging Studies
Procedures
Histologic Findings
Staging
Treatment Paradigm
Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (IVIG): Infusions of purified antibodies produced from human plasma are used in this form of immunoglobulin therapy.
Biologic medications: Rituximab and Tocilizumab are two examples of biologic medications that target immune system components implicated in the pathogenesis of polymyositis.
Physical Therapy: By assisting in the preservation of muscular strength enhancing range of motion and averting problems including muscle contractures and joint stiffness physical therapy is essential in the care of polymyositis.
Symptomatic Management: To address related issues such dysphagia, interstitial lung disease and heart involvement symptomatic therapy may be required.
Physical Environment: Make sure your home is both accessible and safe. Control humidity and temperature: Polymyositis attacks may get worse under the effect of high or low humidity or temperature, and this is a well-known fact. Diet and Nutrition: Promote a diet that is well balanced and make fruit and vegetables or whole grains or lean meat and water predomination is common practice for people to help. Exercise and Physical Activity: Encourage daily exercise and physical activity as this is an individual-oriented attribute that suits everyone depending on their capabilities and preferences.
Muscle Biopsy: To examine if PM is present a muscle biopsy performed in order to what extent the inflammation and muscle damage is. Electromyography: This is a medical diagnostic technique that involves the skin surface measurements of the conductivity to determines the level of electrical activity between the muscles and the nerves. Tests of Lung Function: The assessment points of these tasks by healthcare suppliers are intended for the determining lung status of the patients and interstitial lung disease etc.
use-of-management-in-polymyositis
Initial Assessment and Diagnosis: The first step in the management procedure is identifying signs of polymyositis such as weakness in the muscles & exhaustion and trouble doing everyday tasks. Symptom Management: To address related symptoms including dysphagia joint discomfort or respiratory issues symptomatic therapy may be given.
Monitoring: To evaluate treatment response, modify therapy as necessary and identify illness flares or problems routine monitoring of disease activity laboratory parameters and drug side effects is crucial throughout the maintenance period.
Polymyositis is an inflammatory disorder ending in the loss of muscle strength and the general inflammation throughout the body. This disease is categorized as autoimmune disease which in turn refers to damage and weakness leading unintentionally from the immune system of the body which is attacking wrongly on its own muscle. Atrophy of specific muscle groups is seen with progressive muscle weakness being a characteristic feature of polymyositis most commonly involving muscles around the waist and central part of the body namely the ones in the upper arms thighs or hips and shoulders. Everyday activities such as lifting products climbing stairs and getting out of chair might appear like challenging task to those who suffer this weakness. The feature of polymyositis is myositis which includes the inflammation of muscles. This can be expressed by the symptoms of soreness discomfort and swelling. Both the blood tests that can detect the changes in the amount of muscle enzymes when injured muscle tissues are releasing these enzymes into the bloodstream and tests that measure the muscle enzymes levels are useful for identifying the inflammation.
Men are twice as likely to have inclusion body myositis although women are more likely to develop polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Polymyositis often affects adults over the age of 20 especially those in their 40s to 60s. Polymyositis seldom rarely children. The age at which polymyositis with extra collagen vascular disease initially appears is related to the associated disorder.
Polymyositis is a type of autoimmune illness that is recognized when immune system deliberately the body’s own tissue. One of the
distinctive features of this disease is the inappropriate biological response to some components of the muscle-bone tissues. This will show up as a proliferating T lymphocyte population and macrophage population that are self-reactive and actively target muscle tissue. These genetic variables most likely contribute significantly to polymyositis in its early phases in vulnerable people.
Since polymyositis is an autoimmune disease it is characterised by an abnormal immune response which occurs when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own muscle tissue. Immune checkpoints and cytokine signalling pathways may be dysregulated in polymyositis leading to the collapse of immunological tolerance and the onset of autoimmunity.
The prognosis will depend on certain factors like age, severity of initial symptoms and extent of muscle involvement.
Age group:
Although polymyositis may affect anyone of any age persons between the ages of 30 and 60 are the ones who typically experience it. Adult cases of polymyositis usually follow a bimodal distribution with a peak in cases seen in people over 60 and another in those between 30 and 50 years of age.
The following parameters are assessed in physical assessment:
Muscle Strength
Muscle Bulk
Range of Motion
The symptoms of polymyositis sometimes appear slowly over weeks or months with an insidious beginning in many patients. Patients may first experience mild symptoms including weariness muscular weakness and trouble doing tasks that call for strength, such lifting goods or climbing stairs. Some people may have a subacute start of symptoms which progresses more quickly over a few weeks and is characterised by tiredness and muscular weakness.
Dermatomyositis
Inclusion Body Myositis
Viral Myositis
Metabolic Myopathies
Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (IVIG): Infusions of purified antibodies produced from human plasma are used in this form of immunoglobulin therapy.
Biologic medications: Rituximab and Tocilizumab are two examples of biologic medications that target immune system components implicated in the pathogenesis of polymyositis.
Physical Therapy: By assisting in the preservation of muscular strength enhancing range of motion and averting problems including muscle contractures and joint stiffness physical therapy is essential in the care of polymyositis.
Symptomatic Management: To address related issues such dysphagia, interstitial lung disease and heart involvement symptomatic therapy may be required.
Rheumatology
Physical Environment: Make sure your home is both accessible and safe. Control humidity and temperature: Polymyositis attacks may get worse under the effect of high or low humidity or temperature, and this is a well-known fact. Diet and Nutrition: Promote a diet that is well balanced and make fruit and vegetables or whole grains or lean meat and water predomination is common practice for people to help. Exercise and Physical Activity: Encourage daily exercise and physical activity as this is an individual-oriented attribute that suits everyone depending on their capabilities and preferences.
Azathioprine is an Immunosuppressive drug that appears as an adjunct corticosteroids in the maintenance of Polymyositis.
Rheumatology
Muscle Biopsy: To examine if PM is present a muscle biopsy performed in order to what extent the inflammation and muscle damage is. Electromyography: This is a medical diagnostic technique that involves the skin surface measurements of the conductivity to determines the level of electrical activity between the muscles and the nerves. Tests of Lung Function: The assessment points of these tasks by healthcare suppliers are intended for the determining lung status of the patients and interstitial lung disease etc.
Rheumatology
Initial Assessment and Diagnosis: The first step in the management procedure is identifying signs of polymyositis such as weakness in the muscles & exhaustion and trouble doing everyday tasks. Symptom Management: To address related symptoms including dysphagia joint discomfort or respiratory issues symptomatic therapy may be given.
Monitoring: To evaluate treatment response, modify therapy as necessary and identify illness flares or problems routine monitoring of disease activity laboratory parameters and drug side effects is crucial throughout the maintenance period.
Polymyositis is an inflammatory disorder ending in the loss of muscle strength and the general inflammation throughout the body. This disease is categorized as autoimmune disease which in turn refers to damage and weakness leading unintentionally from the immune system of the body which is attacking wrongly on its own muscle. Atrophy of specific muscle groups is seen with progressive muscle weakness being a characteristic feature of polymyositis most commonly involving muscles around the waist and central part of the body namely the ones in the upper arms thighs or hips and shoulders. Everyday activities such as lifting products climbing stairs and getting out of chair might appear like challenging task to those who suffer this weakness. The feature of polymyositis is myositis which includes the inflammation of muscles. This can be expressed by the symptoms of soreness discomfort and swelling. Both the blood tests that can detect the changes in the amount of muscle enzymes when injured muscle tissues are releasing these enzymes into the bloodstream and tests that measure the muscle enzymes levels are useful for identifying the inflammation.
Men are twice as likely to have inclusion body myositis although women are more likely to develop polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Polymyositis often affects adults over the age of 20 especially those in their 40s to 60s. Polymyositis seldom rarely children. The age at which polymyositis with extra collagen vascular disease initially appears is related to the associated disorder.
Polymyositis is a type of autoimmune illness that is recognized when immune system deliberately the body’s own tissue. One of the
distinctive features of this disease is the inappropriate biological response to some components of the muscle-bone tissues. This will show up as a proliferating T lymphocyte population and macrophage population that are self-reactive and actively target muscle tissue. These genetic variables most likely contribute significantly to polymyositis in its early phases in vulnerable people.
Since polymyositis is an autoimmune disease it is characterised by an abnormal immune response which occurs when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own muscle tissue. Immune checkpoints and cytokine signalling pathways may be dysregulated in polymyositis leading to the collapse of immunological tolerance and the onset of autoimmunity.
The prognosis will depend on certain factors like age, severity of initial symptoms and extent of muscle involvement.
Age group:
Although polymyositis may affect anyone of any age persons between the ages of 30 and 60 are the ones who typically experience it. Adult cases of polymyositis usually follow a bimodal distribution with a peak in cases seen in people over 60 and another in those between 30 and 50 years of age.
The following parameters are assessed in physical assessment:
Muscle Strength
Muscle Bulk
Range of Motion
The symptoms of polymyositis sometimes appear slowly over weeks or months with an insidious beginning in many patients. Patients may first experience mild symptoms including weariness muscular weakness and trouble doing tasks that call for strength, such lifting goods or climbing stairs. Some people may have a subacute start of symptoms which progresses more quickly over a few weeks and is characterised by tiredness and muscular weakness.
Dermatomyositis
Inclusion Body Myositis
Viral Myositis
Metabolic Myopathies
Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (IVIG): Infusions of purified antibodies produced from human plasma are used in this form of immunoglobulin therapy.
Biologic medications: Rituximab and Tocilizumab are two examples of biologic medications that target immune system components implicated in the pathogenesis of polymyositis.
Physical Therapy: By assisting in the preservation of muscular strength enhancing range of motion and averting problems including muscle contractures and joint stiffness physical therapy is essential in the care of polymyositis.
Symptomatic Management: To address related issues such dysphagia, interstitial lung disease and heart involvement symptomatic therapy may be required.
Rheumatology
Physical Environment: Make sure your home is both accessible and safe. Control humidity and temperature: Polymyositis attacks may get worse under the effect of high or low humidity or temperature, and this is a well-known fact. Diet and Nutrition: Promote a diet that is well balanced and make fruit and vegetables or whole grains or lean meat and water predomination is common practice for people to help. Exercise and Physical Activity: Encourage daily exercise and physical activity as this is an individual-oriented attribute that suits everyone depending on their capabilities and preferences.
Azathioprine is an Immunosuppressive drug that appears as an adjunct corticosteroids in the maintenance of Polymyositis.
Rheumatology
Muscle Biopsy: To examine if PM is present a muscle biopsy performed in order to what extent the inflammation and muscle damage is. Electromyography: This is a medical diagnostic technique that involves the skin surface measurements of the conductivity to determines the level of electrical activity between the muscles and the nerves. Tests of Lung Function: The assessment points of these tasks by healthcare suppliers are intended for the determining lung status of the patients and interstitial lung disease etc.
Rheumatology
Initial Assessment and Diagnosis: The first step in the management procedure is identifying signs of polymyositis such as weakness in the muscles & exhaustion and trouble doing everyday tasks. Symptom Management: To address related symptoms including dysphagia joint discomfort or respiratory issues symptomatic therapy may be given.
Monitoring: To evaluate treatment response, modify therapy as necessary and identify illness flares or problems routine monitoring of disease activity laboratory parameters and drug side effects is crucial throughout the maintenance period.
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