Upper respiratory tract conditions

Updated: August 28, 2022

Background

Epidemiology

Anatomy

Pathophysiology

Etiology

Genetics

Prognostic Factors

Clinical History

Physical Examination

Age group

Associated comorbidity

Associated activity

Acuity of presentation

Differential Diagnoses

Laboratory Studies

Imaging Studies

Procedures

Histologic Findings

Staging

Treatment Paradigm

by Stage

by Modality

Chemotherapy

Radiation Therapy

Surgical Interventions

Hormone Therapy

Immunotherapy

Hyperthermia

Photodynamic Therapy

Stem Cell Transplant

Targeted Therapy

Palliative Care

Medication

chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine

Tablet

Orally

every 4 hrs

Do not exceed 6 tablets per day
or
5 mL orally every 4-6 hours
Do not exceed 30 mL per day

penicillin G benzathine

1.2 million units given IM per day as a single dose

promethazine/dextromethorphan

Indicated for cough:

5ml(6.25mg/15mg) orally every 4 to 6 hours when necessary
Maximum dose-30ml for 24 hours

loracarbef

Mild-moderate
Depending on the type and infection severity, take 200-400 mg two times a day for around 7-10 days by oral route

oleandomycin

Indicated for upper respiratory tract infections
In vivo, data suggests taking 500 mg orally four times a day
The treatment duration is five days

oleandomycin

Indicated for upper respiratory tract infections
In vivo, data suggests taking 500 mg orally four times a day
The treatment duration is five days

doxycycline

Initial dose of 200 mg intravenously on day 1 and given in 1 infusion or 2 infusions

Maximum dose: 100 mg to 200 mg per day intravenously

Initial dose of 200 mg orally on day 1 and given in 2 doses – 100 mg for every 12 hours

Maximum dose: 100 mg once a day orally or 50 mg for every 12 hours orally

bacampicillin

Mild/Moderate/ Severe: A dose of 400-800 mg orally given per day in every 12hrs for about 7-10 days

Moreover, in the US the drug bacampicillin is no longer used and marketed

chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine

Liquid (drops)
Age: 2-6 years
1 mL orally every 4-6 hours.
Do not exceed 4mL per day
Age: 6-12 years
2 mL orally every 4-6 hours.
Do not exceed 4mL per day
Age: >12 years
4 mL orally every 4-6 hours.
Do not exceed 4mL per day
Liquid
Age: >12 years
5 mL orally every 4-6 hours.
Do not exceed 30 mL per day
tablet
Age: >12 years
1 tablet orally every 4-6 hours.
Do not exceed 6 tablets per day

promethazine/dextromethorphan

Indicated for cough:

<2 years: Safety and efficacy not established
2-6 years: 1.25 to 2.5 mL orally every 4 to 6 hours; a maximum daily dose of 12.5 mg/30 mg (10 mL)
6-12 years: Up to 25 mg/60 mg (20 mL) in 24 hours with 2.5 to 5 mL orally every 4 to 6 hours
>12 years: 6.25 mg/15 mg (5 mL) orally every 4 to 6 hours as needed; maximum of 30 mL/24 hours

Future Trends