amitriptylinoxide(Phase 4 Clinical Trials)

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum: 

TCAs like amitriptylinoxide primarily work by inhibiting the reuptake of neurotransmitters, specifically norepinephrine and serotonin, in the brain. By blocking the reuptake of these neurotransmitters, TCAs increase their availability in the synapses between nerve cells, leading to improved transmission of signals and potentially alleviating symptoms of depression. 

TCAs are generally effective in treating various forms of depression, including major depressive disorder. They may also be used to manage other conditions like anxiety disorders, chronic pain, and neuropathic pain. 

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency defined 

None 

Black Box Warning

Black box warning: 

None 

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindications/caution: 

Contraindications: 

N/A 

Caution: 

N/A 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration: N/A 

Lactation: N/A 

Pregnancy category: 

Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester. 

<b>Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women. 

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.    

Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.    

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.    

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category 

Pharmacology

Pharmacology: 

• Reuptake Inhibition: TCAs like amitriptylinoxide inhibit the reuptake of neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine and serotonin. By blocking the reuptake, they increase the concentration of these neurotransmitters in the synapses, which can help regulate mood and alleviate symptoms of depression. 
• Histamine H1 Receptor Blockade: TCAs often have antihistamine properties due to their blockade of histamine H1 receptors. This can contribute to side effects like sedation, drowsiness, and weight gain. 
• Alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptor Blockade: TCAs also block alpha-1 adrenergic receptors, which can lead to side effects such as orthostatic hypotension (a drop in blood pressure upon standing) and dizziness. 
• Anticholinergic Effects: TCAs can have anticholinergic effects by blocking muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. This can cause side effects like dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention. 
• Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Blockade: TCAs may block serotonin 5-HT2 receptors, contributing to their antidepressant effects. 
• Potassium Channel Blockade: Some TCAs have been found to block specific potassium channels, which can influence heart rhythm and contribute to potential cardiac side effects. 

Pharmacokinetics: 

• N/A 

Adminstartion

Administration: 

N/A 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name: amitriptylinoxide 

Why do we use amitriptylinoxide? 

It is used to treat major depressive disorder and other forms of depression. They help alleviate symptoms such as low mood, lack of interest and disrupted sleep.