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Brand Name :
N/A
Synonyms :
amyl nitrite
Class :
Cyanide Antidotes, Antianginal Agents, Nitrates, Angina
Brand Name :
N/A
Synonyms :
amyl nitrite
Class :
Cyanide Antidotes, Antianginal Agents, Nitrates, Angina
Dosage Forms & Strengths
Liquid
0.3 ml
Administer 2 to 6 nasal inhalations by waving the crushed ampule under the nose, and 0.3 ml by inhalation of crushed ampule repeat every 3 to 5 minutes if necessary.
Dosage Forms & Strengths
Liquid
0.3 ml
Refer to adult dosing
amyl nitrite: they may increase the vasodilatory effect when combined with Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
amyl nitrite: they may increase the vasodilatory effect when combined with Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
amyl nitrite: they may increase the vasodilatory effect when combined with Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
amyl nitrite: they may increase the vasodilatory effect when combined with Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
amyl nitrite: they may increase the vasodilatory effect when combined with Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
amyl nitrite: they may increase the hypotensive effect when combined with riociguat
it may enhance the effects when combined with lofexidine by pharmacodynamic synergism
may increase the vasodilatory effect of Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
The potential for methemoglobinemia to occur may be enhanced when amyl nitrite is used concurrently with antipyrine
dapoxetine may augment the intensity of orthostatic hypotensive and hypotensive effects of amyl nitrite
the risk or extent of methemoglobinemia can be raised when amyl nitrite is combined with isometheptene
Actions and Spectrum
The effects of amyl nitrite can be felt shortly after breathing the medication because of its quick-acting nature. amyl nitrite has short-term effects that typically last 2 to 5 minutes.
amyl nitrite is primarily used to treat angina and other related heart disorders, according to its therapeutic spectrum.
Frequency defined
Nausea
Vomiting
Orthostatic hypotension
Dizziness
Methemoglobulinemia
Facial flushing
Vasodilation
Shock
Rash
Weakness
Headache restlessness
Hemolytic anemia
Syncope
Hypotension
Tachycardia
Black Box Warning
According to the warning, amyl nitrite can have major negative effects, such as:
An uncommon but deadly blood illness known as methemoglobinemia caused by amyl nitrite. This disorder develops when the blood has an excessive quantity of methemoglobin, which might lower the amount of oxygen that is available in the body’s tissues.
A quick reduction in blood pressure brought on by amyl nitrite may result in fainting, woozy feeling or light headedness.
Contraindication/Caution:
Contraindication:
Caution:
Pregnancy warnings:
Pregnancy category: C
Lactation: Excretion into human milk is unknown
Pregnancy Categories:
Category A: Studies that were well-controlled and met expectations revealed no risk to the fetus in either the first or second trimester.
Category B: There were lack of studies on pregnant women and no evidence of risk to the foetus in animal experiments.
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.
Category D: adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category
Pharmacology
A vasodilator known as amyl nitrite works by calming the smooth muscles in the blood arteries. It is an alkyl nitrite prodrug, which means that once it enters the body, it quickly transforms into nitric oxide.
Pharmacodynamics
The pharmacodynamics of amyl nitrite are largely attributed to its ability to rapidly convert to nitric oxide in the body, which causes smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation.
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is created when nitric oxide stimulates the enzyme guanylate cyclase. Blood flow increases and blood pressure decreases as a result of cGMP relaxing the smooth muscles in the blood vessels.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
A glass ampule containing the liquid medication, which is smashed to release the vapours for inhalation, is generally used to give amyl nitrite by way of inhalation. Through the lungs, the medication is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream.
Distribution
amyl nitrite is absorbed into the body and then transported throughout it, including the brain, where it has its psychedelic effects. Due to its high lipophilicity, the medication can easily pass the blood–brain barrier.
Metabolism
amyl nitrite is quickly broken down in the liver into a variety of metabolites, such as nitrite, nitrate, and isobutyrate, through oxidation and conjugation. Nitric oxide can be produced in the body by further metabolizing the principal metabolite, nitrite.
Elimination and excretion
The urine is the main excretion method for amyl nitrite and its metabolites. The medication has a short elimination half-life, between 1 and 4 minutes.
Administration:
Through inhalation amyl nitrite is used with a glass ampule that contains liquid medication.
In order to release the vapors for inhalation, the ampule is crushed. The medication is breathed in through the nose or mouth and enters the bloodstream through the lungs.
Patient information leaflet
Generic Name: amyl nitrite
Why do we use amyl nitrite?
amyl nitrite is mostly used to treat angina (chest pain) caused by a heart condition.
When breathed in, it widens the coronary arteries, boosting heart blood flow and reduces the heart muscle strain.
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