cephaloglycin

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum: 

Action: 

cephaloglycin works by interfering with the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Bacterial cell walls are essential for their structural integrity, and by disrupting this process, cephaloglycin weakens the cell walls, leading to bacterial cell lysis (bursting) and, ultimately, the death of the bacteria. This action is bactericidal, meaning it kills the bacteria directly instead of bacteriostatic, which would only inhibit their growth. 

Spectrum 

cephaloglycin has a broad spectrum of activity, primarily against Gram-positive bacteria. It is effective against many bacteria, including many strains of staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and some enterococcus species. Its spectrum of activity is more limited against Gram-negative bacteria. It is generally ineffective against bacteria such as escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa, which are resistant to cephalosporins. 

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency not defined  

Dizziness 

Diarrhea 

Abdominal pain 

cough 

Black Box Warning

Black Box Warning:  

None

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindication/Caution:  

Hypersensitivity: cephaloglycin should not be used in individuals with known hypersensitivity or allergy to cephalosporin antibiotics or penicillins. Cross-reactivity between these antibiotic classes can occur, and severe allergic reactions may result. 

Renal Impairment: Patients with severe kidney disease may require dosage adjustments, as the kidneys primarily excrete cephaloglycin. Assessing the appropriate dosage for impaired renal function is essential to prevent toxicity. 

Gastrointestinal Disease: Patients with a history of gastrointestinal disease, particularly colitis, should be used cautiously with cephaloglycin. Antibiotic-associated colitis, including pseudomembranous colitis, has been reported with many antibiotics, and cephaloglycin is no exception. 

Liver Dysfunction: cephaloglycin should be used cautiously in patients with liver dysfunction, as it may require dosage adjustments.  

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The safety of cephaloglycin during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not well established. This should solely be employed during pregnancy or while breastfeeding when the prospective advantages surpass the possible risks, and it should be done under the supervision of a medical practitioner.

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy warnings:     

Pregnancy category: N/A 

Lactation: Excreted into human milk is unknown 

Pregnancy Categories:         

Category A: Studies that were well-controlled and met expectations revealed no risk to the fetus in either the first or second trimester. 

Category B: There were a lack of studies on pregnant women and no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal experiments.   

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.    

Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.   

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.    

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category

Pharmacology

Pharmacology: cephaloglycin is an antibiotic medication that belongs to the cephalosporin class of antibiotics 

Pharmacodynamics:  

cephaloglycin works by interfering with the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. It binds to specific proteins called penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) on the bacterial cell membrane. This binding disrupts the formation of the cell wall, weakening it, eventually leading to cell lysis and death. cephaloglycin is most effective against gram-positive bacteria but also has activity against some gram-negative bacteria.  

Pharmacokinetics: 

Absorption 

cephaloglycin is not absorbed well when taken orally and is typically administered intravenously or intramuscularly. 

Distribution 

It distributes into various body tissues and fluids, including the skin, bone, synovial fluid, and cerebrospinal fluid (although penetration into the central nervous system is limited unless the meninges are inflamed). 

Metabolism 

cephaloglycin is not extensively metabolized in the body. 

Excretion and Elimination 

The medication is mainly eliminated via the renal system and exhibits a short half-life. 

Adminstartion

Administration:  

The dosage of cephaloglycin will depend on the type and severity of the infection, the patient’s age, and overall health. It’s crucial to follow the prescribed dosage provided by your healthcare provider. 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name: cephaloglycin  

Why do we use cephaloglycin?  

cephaloglycin can be prescribed to treat respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia, bronchitis, and lung abscesses. 

It is effective in addressing bacterial skin and soft tissue infections. 

cephaloglycin can treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by susceptible bacteria. 

It may treat bone and joint infections, including osteomyelitis and septic arthritis. 

cephaloglycin can be prescribed to treat gynecological infections, such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). 

It may be used for intra-abdominal infections, such as peritonitis and abscesses. 

cephaloglycin can be administered to patients with septicemia (bloodstream infections).