Anthropometric Measurements as Predictors of Low Birth Weight Among Tanzanian Neonates: A Hospital-Based Study
November 7, 2025
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Brand Name :
Dacogen
(United States) [Available]Synonyms :
Decitabine
Class :
Anticancer and antimetabolites agent
Brand Name :
Dacogen
(United States) [Available]Synonyms :
Decitabine
Class :
Anticancer and antimetabolites agent
Dosage Forms & Strengths Â
Powder for injectionÂ
50 mg/vial Â
15
mg/m^2
Intravenous (IV)
over 3 hr
repeated every 8 hours for 3 days every 6 weeks
20
mg/m^2
Intravenous (IV)
over 1 hr
once daily for 5 days at 28-day cycle
For AML with TP53 mutation:
20 mg/m2 IV infused over 1 hour for 10 days for 28-day cycle
20 mg/m2 IV infused over 1 hour for 5 days for 28-days cycle in combination with venetoclax
Dose Adjustments
Require dose adjustment in case of renal dysfunction or hemodialysis
Terminate the use of docetaxel if total bilirubin > 2.5 times ULN
Administer 80% of the dose: AST/ALT > 2.5 to 5 times ULN
Discontinue the therapy with docetaxel: AST/ALT >5 times
Delay the treatment for 6 to 8 weeks: hematologic toxicity (ANC<1000/µl and platelets < 50,000/µl)
20
mg/m^2
Intravenous (IV)
over 1 hr
for 5 days for a 28-day cycle in combination with venetoclax
Terminate the therapy as soon as unacceptable adverse effects appear
avoid palifermin during pemetrexed therapy and before and after 24 hours of treatment
increases myelosuppression adverse effects
may increase excessive immunosuppressive effects
may increase excessive immunosuppressive effects
may increase excessive immunosuppressive effects
may reduce therapeutic effects of brincidofovir
may increase myelosuppressive effects
may increase the risk of excessive bone marrow suppression
may increase the adverse toxic effects of clozapine
may reduce therapeutic effects of the vaccine
may reduce therapeutic effects of dengue vaccine
may decrease serum potassium and metabolic acidosis
decitabine increases serum levels of ethotoin
may increase excessive immunosuppressive effects
may increase the risk of excessive bone marrow suppression
may increase the risk of excessive bone marrow suppression
may increase the risk of excessive bone marrow suppression
may increase the risk of excessive bone marrow suppression
When mometasone furoate is used together with decitabine, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When decitabine is used together with andrographolide, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of bleeding
decitabine: it may increase the risk of myelosuppression with sulfamethoxazole
Actions and spectrum:Â Â
Action:Â
Decitabine is a selective inhibitor of DNA methyltransferases. Inhibition of DNA MTases results in hypomethylation of gene promoter, which tends to the induction of cellular senescence or cellular differentiation and reactivation of the tumor suppressor genes followed by apoptosis.Â
Frequency defined:Â Â
>10%Â
Alopecia Â
Nausea Â
Nail disease Â
Fluid retention Â
Vomiting  Â
Neutropenia Â
1%-10%Â Â
Hypotension Â
Dysgeusia Â
Increased serum bilirubinÂ
Frequency not defined:Â Â
Localized phlebitis Â
Deceased left ventricular ejection fraction Â
Fatigue Â
Nail hyperpigmentation Â
Post marketing reportÂ
Interstitial lung disease Â
Differentiation syndromeÂ
Black Box Warning  Â
The drug can cause severe immune reactions.Â
Contraindication/Caution:Â Â
Contraindication:Â Â
Hypersensitivity Â
Breastfeeding Â
Cautions:Â
Myelosuppression Â
Differentiation syndromeÂ
Kidney failure Â
Respiratory, mediastinal, and thoracic disorders Â
Liver failure Â
Cardiac disease Â
Pregnancy Warnings: Therapy may lead to fetal complications.Â
Pregnancy category: N/AÂ
Lactation: Excretion of the drug into the human breast milk is unknownÂ
Pregnancy categories:Â
Category A: Satisfactory and well-controlled studies show no evidence of risk to the fetus in the first trimester or in the later trimester.Â
Category B: No evidence of risk to fetus found in animal reproduction studies and there are not enough studies on pregnant women.Â
Category C: Adverse effects on the fetus found with evidence in animal reproduction studies and no adequate evidence for an effect in humans, care must be taken for potential risks in pregnant women.Â
Category D: There is adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite potential risks may be used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.Â
Category X: Drugs listed in this category clearly outweigh risks over benefits. These category drugs should be prohibited for pregnant women.Â
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category.Â
Pharmacology: Decitabine is an antineoplastic agent. It is a pyrimidine analog. Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â Â
Decitabine is a nucleoside analog of cytidine. Once within the cell, cellular kinases phosphorylate it to decitabine triphosphate, which is its active triphosphate form.
It is integrated into DNA during the cell cycle’s S-phase.Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â Â
Absorption Â
Decitabine is typically administered intravenously due to its poor oral bioavailability.Â
Distribution Â
Less than 1% of decitabine is bound to proteins. The volume of distribution is 63-89 L/m2. Â
Metabolism Â
Decitabine undergoes metabolism primarily via deamination in the kidneys, liver, blood, and interstitial epithelium by cytidine deaminase. Â
Elimination and excretionÂ
90% of the administered decitabine is eliminated through urine, of which 4% is in the unchanged form.Â
Half lifeÂ
30-35 minutesÂ
Administration:Â Â Â
Decitabine should be administered intravenously over 3 hours continuously.Â
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: decitabineÂ
Pronunciation: deh-SIH-tah-been
Why do we use decitabine?Â
Decitabine is primarily prescribed for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes diseases which are characterized by the improper formation or functional abnormalities of blood cells. The syndrome can lead to anemia, infections, or bleeding problems due to the failure of the bone marrow to produce mature and healthy red and white blood cells.
It is also administered for the management of acute myeloid leukemia in which excessive production of the abnormal white blood cells (myeloblasts) formation occurs in the bone marrow.Â
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