fluconazole/ornidazole/azithromycin

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum 

fluconazole is an antifungal medication. It works by inhibiting the growth of fungi, including yeasts and molds. It interferes with the synthesis of fungal cell membranes. 

ornidazole is an antimicrobial agent that belongs to the nitroimidazole class of drugs. It works by damaging the DNA of microorganisms, particularly anaerobic bacteria, and protozoa.  

azithromycin is an antibiotic belonging to the macrolide class. It works by inhibiting the growth of susceptible bacteria.

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency not defined  

Dizziness 

Indigestion 

Diarrhea 

Stomach pain 

Vomiting 

Headache 

Nausea 

Taste change 

Loss of appetite 

Black Box Warning

Black Box Warning 

None

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindication/Caution: 

Contraindication: 

• Patients with a known hypersensitivity or allergy to fluconazole/ornidazole/azithromycin or other antifungal agents should not use this medication. 

Caution: 

• fluconazole/azithromycin should be used with caution in patients with liver disease, as it can affect liver function. 
• ornidazole should be used with caution during pregnancy and breastfeeding. 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration: 

Pregnancy category: N/A 

Lactation: Excretion into human milk is unknown  

Pregnancy Categories:         

Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester. 

<b>Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.  

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women. 

Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits. 

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women. 

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category. 

Pharmacology

Pharmacology  

fluconazole is an antifungal agent that inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, it is an important component of fungal cell membranes. This disruption weakens the fungal cell wall, leading to cell death. 

ornidazole is an antimicrobial agent belongs to the nitroimidazole class. It works by damaging the DNA of microorganisms, including anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, leading to their death or inhibition of replication. 

azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. This action prevents bacterial growth and replication. 

Pharmacodynamics 

fluconazole is fungistatic, which means it inhibits the growth and replication of fungi without necessarily killing them. 

ornidazole can be both bactericidal and antiprotozoal properties depending on the organism and the drug concentration. 

azithromycin is bacteriostatic thus it inhibits bacterial growth without necessarily killing the bacteria.  

Pharmacokinetics 

Absorption   

fluconazole/ornidazole/azithromycin are well-absorbed when taken orally. 

Distribution 

fluconazole/ornidazole/azithromycin is distributed throughout the body, including various tissues. 

Metabolism 

fluconazole/ornidazole is metabolized in the liver. 

While azithromycin is not metabolized in the liver. 

Elimination and excretion 

fluconazole/ornidazole/azithromycin is excreted through bile and feces. 

Adminstartion

Administration 

fluconazole/ornidazole/azithromycin is a combination drug available in Kit-tablet form for oral intake. 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name:    

fluconazole/ornidazole/azithromycin                    

Why do we use fluconazole/ornidazole/azithromycin? 

AF-Kit (fluconazole/ornidazole/azithromycin) is a combination of two antibiotics (azithromycin and ornidazole) and an antifungal (fluconazole) is used mainly in the syndromic treatment of vaginal discharge.   

azithromycin stops bacterial growth by preventing the synthesis of essential proteins required by bacteria to carry out vital functions. ornidazole kills other microorganisms by damaging their DNA and while fluconazole works by stopping the growth of fungi in the body.