Anthropometric Measurements as Predictors of Low Birth Weight Among Tanzanian Neonates: A Hospital-Based Study
November 7, 2025
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Brand Name :
Zithromax Z-Pak
(United States) [Available] ,Zithromax Tri-Pak
(United States) [Available] ,Zithromax
(United States) [Available]Synonyms :
zithromax
Class :
Antibiotic macrolides
Brand Name :
Zithromax Z-Pak
(United States) [Available] ,Zithromax Tri-Pak
(United States) [Available] ,Zithromax
(United States) [Available]Synonyms :
zithromax
Class :
Antibiotic macrolides
Dosage forms & StrengthsÂ
injection, lyophilized powder for recombination:
500 mg per vial
Tablet
250 mg
500 mg
Oral suspension
100 mg per 5 ml
200 mg per 5 ml
The drug treats pneumonia acquired due to various bacterial infections
500 mg orally once a day, followed by 250 mg 4 times a day, on the 2nd to 5th day
Group A Streptococcal (GAS) InfectionsÂ
500 mg orally once a day, followed by 250 mg 4 times a day, on the 2nd to 5th day.
The drug treats inflammation in the pharynx and tonsils. Streptococcus pyogenes cause the infection; the dose for the same is 500 mg on the 1st day, followed by 250 mg drug four times daily on the 2nd to 5th day.
Haemophilus ducreyi causes genital infection in men. There is no efficacy of azithromycin for genital ulcers in females. The dose indication in genital ulcers is 1000 mg orally once.
azithromycin treats acute bacterial sinusitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Moraxella catarrhalis. The dose suggested for the same is 500 mg orally, four times a day for three days.
Day 1: 500 mg orally in a single dosage;
Days 2–5: 250 mg orally per day
Day 1: 500 mg orally in a single dosage;
Days 2–5: 250 mg orally per day
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)Â
3 days of 500 mg orally every day OR Instead, take 500 mg orally in a single dosage on Day 1, then 250 mg orally every day from Days 2 to 5
500
mg
Orally 
3 times a day
The effectiveness of therapy for female chancroid has not been confirmed.
1000 mg orally, given once.
Cervicitis and nongonococcal or gonococcal urethritis
1000 mg orally, given once.
Provide an antibiotic with anaerobic activity together with azithromycin if it is thought that anaerobic germs are causing the illness.
Information current as of January 24, 2022 The NIH COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines advise against using azithromycin, chloroquine, or hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 in both inpatient and outpatient patients.
(Off-label) :
250 mg once daily for four days if you weigh more than 45.5 kg.
off label :
250 mg once daily for four days after taking 500 mg orally once.
Off-label:
2 g as a single dose orally azithromycin to women in labor reduced the risk of Puerperal Sepsis
Dosage forms & StrengthsÂ
injection, lyophilized powder for recombination:
500 mg per vial
Tablet
250 mg
500 mg
Oral suspension
100 mg per 5 ml
200 mg per 5 ml
For children >6 months of age caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis
For <6 months: Safety and efficacy are not seen
For ≥6 months
30 mg/kg orally as a single dose or
an alternative dosing of10 mg/kg orally each day for 3 days, or
10 mg/kg orally as a single dose on 1st day followed by 5 mg/kg on 2nd to 5th day
Indicated for pharyngitis and tonsilitis in children
For <2 years: Safety and efficacy are not seen
≥2 years: 12 mg/kg orally each day for 5 days; do not exceed more than 500 mg/day
6 months: Safety and effectiveness are not yet proven
above 6 months:
30-mg/kg orally given once OR
Alternative dose
10 mg/kg orally once every three days OR
Day 1 dose: 10 mg/kg orally, followed by doses of 5 mg/kg on Days 2–5.
6 months: Safety and effectiveness are not yet proven
For six months, administer 10 mg/kg orally x 1 dosage on Day 1 and then 5 mg/kg orally on Days 2–5.
<2 years: No evidence of safety or effectiveness
2 years and under: 12 mg/kg orally once day for 5 days; maximum daily dose of 500 mg.
45 kg: 10 mg/kg (maximum dose: 500 mg) orally as a single dosage, followed by 5 mg/kg (maximum 250 mg/dose).
Days 2 through 5: orally every Day
>45 kg: 250 mg once day for 4 days after receiving 500 mg orally.
Dose Adjustments
Dosing Considerations
Usage solely to treat illnesses that are positively identified as being brought on by susceptible bacteria to prevent the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and preserve azithromycin's efficacy.
restrictions on usage
Use with caution in pneumonia patients who may not benefit from oral treatment due to a moderate to severe sickness or risk factors like any of the following:
those who have cystic fibrosis
Nosocomial infection patients
patients with bacteremia, either known or suspected
People that need to be hospitalised
ailing or elderly patients
Individuals who may be less able to respond to their condition if they have serious underlying health issues (including immunodeficiency or functional asplenia)
Refer adult dosing
measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine, live (Rx)
may diminish the therapeutic effect
measles mumps and rubella vaccine, live
may diminish the therapeutic effect
may diminish the therapeutic effect
smallpox (vaccinia) vaccine, live
may diminish the therapeutic effect
may diminish the therapeutic effect
azithromycin: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc-prolonging Agents
azithromycin: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc-prolonging Agents
azithromycin: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc-prolonging Agents
azithromycin: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc-prolonging Agents
QTc prolonging effect of azithromycin is increased with QT-prolonging class III Antiarrhythmics
QTc prolonging effect of azithromycin is increased with QT-prolonging class III Antiarrhythmics
QTc prolonging effect of azithromycin is increased with QT-prolonging class III Antiarrhythmics
QTc prolonging effect of azithromycin is increased with QT-prolonging class III Antiarrhythmics
may increase the risk or severity of QTc prolongation when combined
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Class III Antiarrhythmics
when used together, azithromycin and albuterol both increase the QTc interval
when used together, azithromycin and alfuzosin both increase the QTc interval
azithromycin decreases the metabolism of bemiparin and increases its effect
when used together, azithromycin and ceritinib both increase the QTc interval
azithromycin decreases the metabolism of dalteparin and increases its effect
when used together, azithromycin and donepezil both increase the QTc interval
when used together, azithromycin and fingolimod both increase the QTc interval
when used together, azithromycin and granisetron both increase the QTc interval
azithromycin decreases the metabolism of heparin and increases its effect
when used together, azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine sulfate both increase the QTc interval
when used together, azithromycin and isoflurane both increase the QTc interval
when used together, azithromycin and lithium both increase the QTc interval
when used together, azithromycin and mobocertinib both increase the QTc interval
when used together, azithromycin and oxaliplatin both increase the QTc interval
azithromycin decreases the metabolism of phenindione and increases its effect
azithromycin decreases the metabolism of protamine and increases its effect
By QTc interval, ribociclib increases the toxicity of azithromycin
when used together, azithromycin and vemurafenib both increase the QTc interval
cisapride's toxicity is increased by azithromycin's effect on the QTc interval
may increase the QT-prolonging effect and enhance the risk of ventricular arrhythmias
may increase the serum concentration of Vitamin K Antagonists
may increase the serum concentration of Vitamin K Antagonists
may increase the serum concentration of Vitamin K Antagonists
may increase the serum concentration of Vitamin K Antagonists
may increase the serum concentration of Vitamin K Antagonists
may increase the levels of serum concentration of cardiac glycosides
may increase the levels of serum concentration of cardiac glycosides
may increase the levels of serum concentration of cardiac glycosides
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with QT-prolonging antipsychotics
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with QT-prolonging antipsychotics
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with QT-prolonging antipsychotics
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with QT-prolonging antipsychotics
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with QT-prolonging antipsychotics
when ajmaline is used together with azithromycin, the risk or seriousness of QTc prolongation is enhanced
When azithromycin is used together with capsaicin, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of methemoglobinemia
When azithromycin is used together with ouabain, this leads to a rise in the concentration serum of ouabain
When ponesimod is used together with azithromycin, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of bradycardia
When azithromycin is used together with adenosine, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of QTc prolongation
When azithromycin is used together with givinostat, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of Qtc prolongation
When indisulam is used together with azithromycin, this leads to a reduction in azithromycin metabolism
azithromycin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
azithromycin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
azithromycin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
azithromycin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
azithromycin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
when combined with remacemide, the metabolism of azithromycin may decrease.
when coupled with carbomycin, the metabolism of azithromycin may be slowed down
the metabolism of azithromycin may be reduced when combined with rokitamycin
may diminish the therapeutic effect of drug
may diminish the therapeutic effect of drug
may diminish the therapeutic effect of drug
piperacillin decreases the effectiveness of azithromycin by antagonism.
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel 
QTc interval is increased both by lenvatinib and azithromycin
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased QTC interval  
it may increase the QT-c prolonging effect of QT-prolonging agents such as toremifene
it increases the QT-c prolonging effect of gilteritinib
may increase the level of effectiveness through P-glycoprotein MDR1 efflux transporter
may reduce the therapeutic effect of typhoid Vaccine
the metabolism of azithromycin may be decreased when combined with danoprevir
because azithromycin changes the gut flora, it will lower the amount or action of pyridoxine
flecainide and azithromycin, if used in combination, increase the QTc interval
ofloxacin and azithromycin, if used in combination, increase the QTc interval
venlafaxine and azithromycin, if used in combination, increase the QTc interval
azithromycin decreases the effects of nafcillin by antagonism.
When bacampicillin combines with azithromycin, the effect and action of drug decreases by synergism or antagonism.
The drug effectiveness of both may be decreased by synergism/antagonism.
when both drugs are combined, there may be increased toxicity of vorinostat by QTC interval   
when used in combination, pazopanib and azithromycin both increase the QTc interval
trimethoprim and azithromycin both increase the QTc level when used simultaneously
lansoprazole amoxicillin and clarithromycin
when amoxicillin combines with azithromycin it decreases the effects of action of drug by antagonism effect
amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium
when amoxicillin combines with azithromycin it decreases the effects of action of drug by antagonism effect
they increase the concentration of rilpivirine
Actions:
Spectrum:
The spectrum of activity of azithromycin includes many gram-positive bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as some gram-negative bacteria such as Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. However, it is not effective against all types of bacteria, and some bacteria may be resistant to it. Therefore, it is important to use azithromycin only as directed by a healthcare professional.
Frequency defined
>10%Â
Diarrhea Â
Nausea Â
Abdominal pain Â
Loose motion Â
1%-10%
Pain at injection siteÂ
VomitingÂ
Abdominal painÂ
Local inflammation Â
Frequency not defined
DyspepsiaÂ
FlatulenceÂ
SomnolenceÂ
LeukopeniaÂ
NeutropeniaÂ
HeadacheÂ
GastritisÂ
Taste changeÂ
Â
None
Contraindication/Caution:
Pregnancy consideration:Â
AU TGA pregnancy category: B1
US FDA pregnancy category: Not assigned
Lactation:Â
Excreted into human milk is known
Pregnancy category:Â
Pharmacology:
azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. It binds to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, preventing the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids and inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial proteins. This action ultimately leads to bacterial growth inhibition and death.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption:
azithromycin is rapidly and well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma concentrations reached within 2-3 hours after oral administration. Food does not affect the extent of absorption, but it may delay the time to peak concentration.
Distribution:
azithromycin is widely distributed throughout the body, including the respiratory tract, skin, and soft tissues. It has a high volume of distribution, indicating that it penetrates well into body tissues. The protein binding of azithromycin is moderate, with approximately 50% bound to plasma proteins.
Metabolism:
azithromycin is primarily metabolized in the liver.
Elimination and Excretion:
About 5% of the drug being excreted unchanged in the urine. The major metabolite is desosamine, which is less active than azithromycin. azithromycin is eliminated from the body through a combination of hepatic metabolism and biliary excretion, with a long elimination half-life of approximately 68 hours. As a result, once-daily dosing is usually sufficient.
Administration:
Patient information leaflet
Generic Name: azithromycin
Pronounced: uh-zith-roh-my-sin
Why do we use azithromycin?
azithromycin is an antibiotic that is commonly used to treat various bacterial infections, including puerperal sepsis. It is an effective treatment for puerperal sepsis because it has broad-spectrum activity against many common bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, which are common causes of puerperal sepsis. Additionally, azithromycin is well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, which allows for convenient oral dosing. It is also associated with a low risk of adverse effects, making it a suitable treatment option for pregnant and postpartum women.
The dosage and duration of azithromycin treatment for puerperal sepsis may vary depending on the severity of the infection, the patient’s medical history, and other factors.
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