What Happens When You’re Just Mind Blanking
December 27, 2025
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Brand Name :
Hyosyne
(United States) [Available] ,Levbid
(United States) [Available] ,Levsin
(United States) [Available] ,Oscimin
(United States) [Available]Synonyms :
Hyoscyamine
Class :
Anticholinergic Agents
Brand Name :
Hyosyne
(United States) [Available] ,Levbid
(United States) [Available] ,Levsin
(United States) [Available] ,Oscimin
(United States) [Available]Synonyms :
Hyoscyamine
Class :
Anticholinergic Agents
Dosage Forms & Strengths
Adult:
Capsule or tablet- ER
0.375 mg
Oral drops, elixir
0.125 mg
Solution-Injection
0.5 mg
Dosage Forms & Strengths
Capsule/tablet- ER
0.375 mg
Oral drops, elixir
0.125 mg
Solution-Injection
0.5mg/ml
hyoscyamine: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
hyoscyamine: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
hyoscyamine: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
hyoscyamine: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
hyoscyamine: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
hyoscyamine: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
When hyoscyamine is used together with profenamine, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse events
the therapeutic activity of hyoscyamine may be decreased
bamipine: it may increase the anticholinergic activities of hyoscyamine
Antagonizing muscarinic M1, M4, M5 receptors causes cognitive issues, while M2 antagonism increases heart rate and atrial contractility.
Hyoscyamine requires multiple daily doses patients should be informed about anticholinergic toxicity risks and symptoms to monitor.
Adverse drug reactions:
Frequency defined
>10%
Dry skin
1-10%
Dysphagia
Photosensitivity
Blurred vision
Constipation
<1%
Orthostatic hypotension
Headache
Tachycardia
Frequency Not Defined
Dysphagia
Respiratory depression
CNS stimulation
Xerostomia
Urinary hesitancy
HTN
Palpitations
Mydriasis
Cycloplegia
Fever
Ataxia
Excitation
Lethargy
None
Contraindication:
Hypersensitivity
Closed-angle glaucoma
Myasthenia gravis
Paralytic ileus
Caution:
Discontinue treatment if diarrhea occurs
May cause drowsiness
Caution patients about performing a hazardous task, like driving heavy machinery
Use caution in hot weather or exercise
Pregnancy warnings:
Pregnancy category: C.
Breastfeeding warnings:
The release of the drug into the human breastmilk is known
Pregnancy Categories:
Category A: Satisfactory and well-controlled studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.
Category B: No evidence shown of risk to the fetus found in animal reproduction studies, and there are not enough studies on pregnant women
Category C: Adverse effects on the fetus found with evidence in animal reproduction studies and no adequate evidence for a result in humans must take care of potential risks in pregnant women
Category D: There is adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category
Blocks acetylcholine action at muscarinic receptors in parasympathetic system.
Relaxation of iris muscles causes dilation and may paralyze ciliary muscle affects accommodation.
It increases heart rate to inhibit vagal input to the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes.
Pharmacodynamics
It reduces smooth muscle tone and peristalsis to alleviate cramps and spasms.
M1 receptors found in the CNS to decreased gastric acid secretion.
M3 receptors found in smooth muscle and exocrine glands to reduce glandular secretions.
It relaxes detrusor muscles and contracts the internal sphincter to reduce urinary urgency and frequency.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption:
It has bioavailability of 100% for tablets and for sustained release of 81%.
It has onset action through IV/IM/SC is 2 to 3 minutes and for tab/SR is 20 to 30 minutes.
Peak plasma time reaches within 2.5 hours.
Distribution:
Volume of distribution: 1.2-1.9 L/kg.
It has high protein binding up to 50%.
Metabolism:
It is metabolized through hepatic pathways.
Elimination and excretion:
It is excreted though urinary route
Half-life for tablets is 3.5 hours and for SR is 5 to 9 hours.
It is available in tablet form for oral administration.
Swallow whole tablet with water and never crush or chew the tablet.
It is also available in form of elixir and oral drops.
Patient Information Leaflet
Generic Name: hyoscyamine
Pronunciation: hye-oh-SYE-a-meen
Why do we use hyoscyamine?
Hyoscyamine is used in treatment of GIT disorders.
Intravenous hyoscyamine is indicated to reduce mouth and respiratory secretions for intubation.
Oral hyoscyamine used to treat functional intestinal disorders.
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