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Brand Name :
Glutol, Glutose 5, Good Start 5% Glucose Water, Insta-Glucose, Gluco To Go, Glucose Nursette
Synonyms :
instant glucose/intravenous dextrose
Class :
Antidote, Hypoglycemia, Intravenous Nutritional Therapy
Brand Name :
Glutol, Glutose 5, Good Start 5% Glucose Water, Insta-Glucose, Gluco To Go, Glucose Nursette
Synonyms :
instant glucose/intravenous dextrose
Class :
Antidote, Hypoglycemia, Intravenous Nutritional Therapy
Dosage Forms & Strengths
Gel
40%
Solution
250 mg/ml
40%
20%
5%
10%
70%
Liquid
100 g/180 ml
Tablet Chewable
4 g
Solution (preservative free)
5%
30%
50%
70%
10%
20%
Administer dose of 10 to 25 g intravenously
Take 15 to 20 g orally as a single dose and repeat again in 15 minutes if self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) showing continuous hypoglycemia
Glucose tolerance test
One step:
Take 75 g orally as single dose to a fasting patient
Evaluate plasma glucose levels two hours after administration in nonpregnant individuals or one and two hours after administration in pregnant females
For Pregnant women:
First step:
Take 50 g orally as a single dose to a non-fasting patient
Evaluate plasma glucose levels one hour after administration, if levels are equal to or greater than 130 mg/dl, continue with the 100 g oral glucose tolerance test
Second step:
Take 100 g orally as a single dose to a fasting patient
Evaluate plasma glucose levels at one, two, and three hours after dose
(off-label use)
Administer dose of 25 to 50 g intravenously of dextrose over 5 minutes
(off- label use)
For Chronic (>48 hours or unknown duration) as 5% dextrose solution:
Administer initial dose of approximately 1.35 mL/kg/hour intravenously up to a maximum of 150 ml/hour
For Acute (≤48 hours in duration) as 5% dextrose solution:
Administer initial dose of 3 to 6 mL/kg/hour intravenously up to a maximum of 666 ml/hour
Dosing modification
Renal impairment
No dose modification required
Hepatic Impairment
No dose modification required
Dosage Forms & Strengths
Liquid
100 g/180 ml
Solution
250 mg/ml
20%
40%
5%
10%
70%
Gel
40%
Tablet Chewable
4 g
Solution (preservative free)
20%
30%
5%
10%
50%
70%
For Infants and Children (Dextrose 25% solution)
Administer dose of 0.5 to 1 g/kg intravenously and Intraosseous
Maximum dose not more than 25 g
For Adolescents (Dextrose 50% solutions):
Administer dose of 0.5 to 1 g/kg intravenously and Intraosseous
Maximum dose not more than 25 g
For Children and Adolescents:
Take dose of 0.3 g/kg orally as a single dose
Maximum dose not more than 15 to 20 g
For Infants, Children, and Adolescents:
Administer dose of 0.5 to 1 g/kg intravenously combined with insulin over 15 to 30 minutes
Glucose tolerance test
For Children and Adolescents:
Take dose of 1.75 g/kg orally as a single dose
Maximum dose not more than 75 g and evaluate plasma glucose in two hours after dose
Refer to adult dosing
Actions and Spectrum
instant glucose is absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the mucous membranes in the mouth, bypassing the need for digestion in the stomach. It works quickly to raise blood sugar levels and counteract the effects of low blood sugar.
The administration of dextrose intravenously allows for rapid and precise control over blood glucose levels. The glucose is immediately available in the bloodstream, and its effects are generally noticeable within minutes.
Frequency not defined
Loss of consciousness
Hypokalemia
Local pain
Dehydration
Glycosuria
Localized phlebitis
Hyperglycemia
Venous thrombosis
Confusion
Hypervolemia
Pulmonary edema
Hyperosmolar syndrome
Post marketing reports
Hypersensitivity reaction
Black Box Warning
None
Contraindication/Caution:
Contraindication:
Caution:
Pregnancy consideration:
Pregnancy category: N/A
Lactation: Glucose is present in human breast milk
Pregnancy Categories:
Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.
Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category.
Pharmacology
instant glucose is a simple sugar, so it does not require digestion and is rapidly absorbed, leading to an immediate increase in blood glucose levels. intravenous dextrose is a solution containing glucose that is administered directly into the bloodstream through a vein. The elevation in blood glucose addresses hypoglycemia, preventing potential complications associated with low blood sugar.
Pharmacodynamics
instant glucose molecules are quickly absorbed through the mucous membranes in the mouth and directly enter the bloodstream, bypassing the need for digestion in the gastrointestinal tract.
dextrose is administered intravenously then it directly enters the bloodstream, providing an immediate source of glucose to cells throughout the body.
Like instant glucose, the glucose in the IV solution is readily available for cellular uptake and metabolism, leading to a rapid increase in blood glucose levels.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
Instant glucose molecules are absorbed through the mucous membranes in the mouth and directly enter the bloodstream.
As intravenous dextrose is directly administered into the bloodstream through a vein.
Distribution
instant glucose/intravenous dextrose both distributed throughout the body to various tissues and organs.
Metabolism
instant glucose/intravenous dextrose is metabolized by cells through cellular respiration, producing energy (ATP) for cellular functions.
Elimination and excretion
instant glucose/intravenous dextrose both are not excreted through the kidneys or eliminated from the body in its unchanged form.
Administration
instant glucose is available in the form of gels, tablets, or liquids indicated for oral administration.
intravenous dextrose solution is administered directly into the bloodstream through a vein.
Patient information leaflet
Generic Name: instant glucose/intravenous dextrose
Why do we use instant glucose/intravenous dextrose?
instant glucose is used to treat hypoglycemia i.e., low blood sugar level in particularly those with diabetes. intravenous dextrose is used for severe hypoglycemia, especially in situations where oral administration of glucose is not suitable or when immediate action is required.
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