Microplastics and Misinformation: What Science Really Says
November 12, 2025
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Brand Name :
Arsobal
Synonyms :
melarsoprol
Class :
Antiprotozoal Agents
Brand Name :
Arsobal
Synonyms :
melarsoprol
Class :
Antiprotozoal Agents
African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)
Investigational drug
Administer dose of 2 to 3.6mg/kg through intravenous route up to three days
After one week, administer dose of 3.6mg/kg intravenous for three days
This should be repeated after 10 to 21 days in the form daily dose 3.6 mg/kg
Investigational Drug:
2 to 3.6mg/kg/day intravenous for three days
After one week, administer 3.6mg/kg/day intravenous for three days
Repetition after 10 to 21 days: 3.6 mg/kg per day
African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)
Investigational drug
Administer dose of 18 to 25 mg/kg for a month
Administer initial dose of 0.36mg/kg intravenously
Gradually increase dose to 3.6 mg/kg at 1 to 5 days intervals for a total of 9-10 doses
Investigational Drug:
A dose of 18-25 mg/kg is administered once a month
Initial dose: 0.36mg/kg intravenously
Gradually increase to 3.6 mg/kg IV at 1-5 days intervals for a total of 9-10 doses
Refer adult dosingÂ
Melarsoprol inhibits trypanosoma parasite growth to block protein synthesis and essential molecule production. It also disrupts cellular metabolism and energy production enzymes.
Frequency Not Defined
Myocardial damage
Encephalopathy
Hypertension
Peripheral neuropathy
Vomiting
Albuminuria
None
Contraindications:
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Hypersensitivity
Pregnancy Warnings:
Pregnancy category: Â N/A
Lactation: Excretion of the drug into the human breast milk is unknown
Pregnancy categories:
Category A: Satisfactory and well-controlled studies show no evidence of risk to the fetus in the first trimester or in the later trimester.
Category B: No evidence of risk to fetus found in animal reproduction studies and there are not enough studies on pregnant women.
Category C: Adverse effects on the fetus found with evidence in animal reproduction studies and no adequate evidence for an effect in humans, care must be taken for potential risks in pregnant women.
Category D: There is adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite potential risks may be used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.
Category X: Drugs listed in this category clearly outweigh risks over benefits. These category drugs should be prohibited for pregnant women.
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category.
Sulfhydryl group binds to deactivate enzymes for parasite energy production in mitochondria glycolysis and phosphorylation. It is an arsenic-based compound that interferes with Trypanosoma parasite.
Pharmacodynamics:
Melarsoprol crosses the blood-brain barrier and cerebrospinal fluid to fight with trypanosoma brucei infection. It impairs mitochondrial function to cause cellular dysfunction and cell death of the parasite.
Pharmacokinetic:
Distribution:
Volume of distribution: 100 L/kg
Excretion and elimination:
Half-life: 35 hours
It is administered through intravenous route.
Generic Name: Melarsoprol
Why do we use Melarsoprol?
Melarsoprol is an investigation drug used in the treatment African trypanosomiasis i.e., sleeping sickness.
It is used as second-line therapy drug in late-stage disease when other treatment options are not effective.
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