mosapride

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum 

Actions: 

• Prokinetic Action: mosapride is classified as a prokinetic agent. It stimulates the contraction of the gastrointestinal muscles, especially in the stomach and small intestine. This prokinetic action enhances the movement of food and digestive contents through the digestive tract. It can benefit conditions characterized by slowed gastrointestinal transit, such as gastroparesis. 
• Anti-emetic Action: mosapride also has anti-emetic properties, which can help reduce nausea and vomiting. This action is beneficial in conditions like functional dyspepsia and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. 

Spectrum: 

mosapride is mainly indicated for the treatment of various gastrointestinal disorders, including: 

• Gastroparesis is when the stomach takes longer than usual to empty its contents. 
• Functional Dyspepsia: A chronic disorder characterized by recurring upper abdominal discomfort. 
• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Particularly when associated with motility problems. 
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): In some cases, the main symptom is constipation. 
• Postoperative Ileus: A condition where regular bowel movements are absent or diminished after surgery. 
• Chemotherapy-induced nausea and Vomiting: Used as an anti-emetic in some cases. 

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency not defined 

Diarrhea 

Nausea 

Insomnia 

Constipation 

Dizziness 

Black Box Warning

Black Box Warning: 

None 

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindication/Caution: 

Contraindication: 

• Allergy 

Caution: 

• Renal impairment 
• Gastrointestinal disorders 
• Superinfection 
• Hemorrhage 
• Drug interactions 
• Pregnancy 
• Breastfeeding 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration:  

Pregnancy Category: B 

Breastfeeding warnings:  

It is unknown whether the drug is excreted in breast milk. 

Pregnancy category: 

Category A: Well-controlled and satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the initial or later trimester. 

Category B: There was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women. 

Category C: There was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.    

Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.    

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence, these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.    

Category N: No data is available for the drug under this category. 

Pharmacology

Pharmacology:  

• 5-HT4 Receptor Agonism: mosapride’s primary action mechanism is its selective agonism of serotonin (5-HT4) receptors in the gastrointestinal tract. Activation of these receptors enhances the release of acetylcholine, which in turn promotes smooth muscle contractions in the gut. This prokinetic action helps to increase the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, especially in the stomach and small intestine. 
• D2 Receptor Antagonism: mosapride also exhibits mild antagonism of dopamine D2 receptors, which can further contribute to its prokinetic effects. 
• D2 Receptor Antagonism: mosapride also exhibits mild antagonism of dopamine D2 receptors, which can further contribute to its prokinetic effects. 

Pharmacodynamics: 

Enhanced Gastric Emptying: 

mosapride’s prokinetic action accelerates gastric emptying, which can be beneficial when delayed gastric emptying is a problem, such as gastroparesis. 

Increased Peristalsis: 

By stimulating peristalsis, mosapride aids in the rhythmic contractions of the small intestine, which helps propel food and digestive contents through the GI tract. 

Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) Relaxation: 

mosapride can relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the muscular ring that separates the esophagus from the stomach. This action may help reduce symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) by preventing the reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus. 

Anti-emetic Action: 

mosapride also has anti-emetic properties, meaning it can reduce nausea and vomiting, which is beneficial in conditions like functional dyspepsia and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. 

Pharmacokinetics: 

Absorption 

mosapride is well-absorbed after oral administration. 

Distribution 

It is distributed widely in the body tissues, including the respiratory tract, soft tissues, and the skin. 

Metabolism 

mosapride undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. It is metabolized by various liver enzymes, including cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, particularly CYP2D6. 

Elimination and Excretion 

The elimination half-life of mosapride is relatively short, typically ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 hours. This means that the drug is cleared from the body relatively quickly. 

Adminstartion

Administration: 

mosapride is typically administered orally in tablets or capsules before meals to enhance gastrointestinal motility. It treats conditions like gastroparesis, functional dyspepsia, and GERD. Always follow the dosing instructions provided by your healthcare provider and consult them for any questions or concerns about its use. 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name: mosapride 

Pronounced as: mo-zah-pryd 

Why do we use mosapride? 

• Gastroparesis: Gastroparesis is when the stomach takes longer than usual to empty its contents into the small intestine. mosapride can help accelerate gastric emptying, reducing nausea, vomiting, and bloating symptoms. 
• Functional Dyspepsia: Functional dyspepsia is a chronic disorder characterized by recurring upper abdominal discomfort or pain, often associated with early satiety, bloating, and nausea. mosapride can alleviate these symptoms by promoting gastric motility. 
• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): mosapride may be used in some cases of GERD, particularly when the condition is associated with impaired motility. It can help prevent the reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus by relaxing the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). 
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): In some cases of IBS where constipation is the predominant symptom, mosapride may be prescribed to improve colonic motility and alleviate constipation. 
• Postoperative Ileus: Postoperative ileus is when regular bowel movements are absent or diminished after surgery. mosapride can help restore normal gastrointestinal motility and reduce the duration of postoperative ileus. 
• Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: mosapride is sometimes used as an anti-emetic agent to reduce nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy.