olopatadine intranasal/​mometasone, intranasal

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum 

olopatadine is an antihistamine medication. It functions by counteracting the effects of histamine, a chemical produced by the body in response to an allergic reaction. olopatadine intranasal aids in the alleviation of allergy-related symptoms such sneezing, itching, runny nose, and nasal congestion. 

The main conditions that olopatadine intranasal is used to treat are seasonal allergic rhinitis and chronic allergic rhinitis. mometasone is a corticosteroid medication.

It works by reducing inflammation in the nasal passages, thereby relieving symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis. mometasone intranasal is used for the management of nasal polyps, which are noncancerous growths in the nasal cavity.

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency defined  

1-10% 

Epistaxis (1%) 

Nasal discomfort (1%) 

Dysgeusia (3%) 

Black Box Warning

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindication/Caution: 

For olopatadine intranasal: 

Contraindication: 

People who have a known hypersensitivity to or allergy to olopatadine or any of its components should not use olopatadine intranasally. 

Caution: 

When administering olopatadine intranasal to people who have a history of allergy or hypersensitivity to other antihistamines, care should be used. 

For mometasone intranasal  

Contraindication: 

People who have a known hypersensitivity to or allergy to mometasone or any of its ingredients should not use mometasone intranasally. 

Caution: 

mometasone intranasal should be used with caution in people who have untreated fungal, bacterial, or viral infections, ocular herpes simplex, active or dormant tuberculosis infections of the respiratory system, or both. 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy warnings:     

Pregnancy category: N/A 

Lactation: Excretion into human milk is unknown  

Pregnancy Categories:         

Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester. 

Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.  

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women. 

Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits. 

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women. 

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category. 

Pharmacology

Pharmacology  

For olopatadine intranasal   

olopatadine is a selective histamine H1 antagonist. 

olopatadine intranasal exerts its effects by selectively blocking histamine H1 receptors. By inhibiting the effects of histamine, it helps reduce allergic symptoms. 

For mometasone intranasal  

mometasone is a synthetic corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory properties.

By attaching glucocorticoid receptors, mometasone intranasal works to reduce inflammation. It aids in preventing the release of inflammatory mediators, prevents the buildup of inflammatory cells, and decreases mucosal edema, which improves nasal symptoms. 

Pharmacodynamics 

For olopatadine intranasal  

olopatadine is a selective antagonist of histamine H1 receptors. It suppresses the effects of histamine, which is released during allergic reactions, by attaching to these receptors. 

For mometasone intranasal 

mometasone is a synthetic corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory properties. 

It binds to glucocorticoid receptors and modifies gene expression to provide its therapeutic effects. As a result, less prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and cytokines are produced and released, which reduces inflammation. 

Pharmacokinetics 

Absorption   

For olopatadine intranasal 

olopatadine is given intranasally, where it is absorbed via the nasal mucosa. It penetrates the bloodstream and has pharmacological effects that are only felt locally in the nasal passages. A limited amount of olopatadine is absorbed into the bloodstream due to its low systemic bioavailability. 

For mometasone intranasal: 

Intranasally given mometasone is absorbed through the nasal mucosa. It penetrates the bloodstream and has pharmacological effects that are only felt locally in the nasal passages. Due to the significant first-pass metabolism in the liver, mometasone has a low level of systemic bioavailability. 

Distribution  

For olopatadine intranasal  

olopatadine intranasal is distributed to target tissues, primarily in the nasal passages, where it acts locally to block histamine receptors and reduce allergic symptoms.   

For mometasone intranasal 

mometasone intranasal is distributed to target tissues, primarily in the nasal passages, where it acts locally to reduce inflammation and relieve nasal symptoms. 

Metabolism 

For olopatadine intranasal  

olopatadine intranasal is extensively metabolized in the liver by enzymes, mainly cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. The primary metabolite, desmethyl olopatadine, is formed, which also has antihistaminic activity. 

For mometasone intranasal 

mometasone intranasal is extensively metabolized in the liver by various enzymes, including CYP3A4. The metabolism of mometasone results in the formation of multiple metabolites. 

Elimination and excretion 

For olopatadine intranasal 

The metabolites of olopatadine intranasal are primarily eliminated in the urine. The medicine and its metabolites are eliminated in very minute amounts in the feces. 

For mometasone intranasal 

mometasone intranasal is mainly eliminated in the feces together with its metabolites and a minor amount of the unchanged medication. A relatively modest mode of elimination is renal excretion. 

Adminstartion

Administration 

Administration instructions as follows: 

For olopatadine intranasal and mometasone intranasal: 

Before each use, give the olopatadine nasal spray bottle a little shake. 

Take off the safety cap. To open nasal passages, softly blow nose. 

Tilt head slightly forward and cover one nostril with finger. 

Aiming it at the back of nose, insert the nasal spray tip into the other nostril. 

Press down hard on the pump to let out one spray while taking a slow, gentle breath in through your nostril. 

Breathe out through mouth. 

Replace the protective cap after wiping the spray’s tip with a fresh tissue after using it. 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name: olopatadine intranasal/mometasone, intranasal 

Why do we use olopatadine intranasal/mometasone, intranasal? 

olopatadine intranasal/mometasone intranasal are both medications used to treat nasal symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis. olopatadine intranasal is indicated for the treatment of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis, commonly known as hay fever.  

mometasone intranasal is also used to treat symptoms of perennial allergic rhinitis. It helps alleviate nasal congestion, sneezing, itching, and runny nose.