SAMe

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum: 

SAMe functions as a methyl donor in a variety of biochemical processes throughout the body, which is connected to how it acts. Methylation is a crucial process that aids in controlling gene expression, the creation of neurotransmitters, and the metabolism of different substances in the body. SAMe is involved in the methylation of several substances, including neurotransmitters, proteins, DNA, and RNA.  

Serotonin, dopamine, and other mood-regulating neurotransmitters may be produced in greater quantities thanks to SAMe. Additionally, it might enhance the way that receptors involved in neurotransmitter signalling work. 

SAMe has been demonstrated to lessen oxidative stress and inflammation in the joints, which can aid in pain relief and increase mobility. Additionally, it might encourage the synthesis of connective tissues like cartilage. 

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency not defined 

Headache 

Nausea/vomiting 

Hypomania/mania 

Anxiety 

Flatulence 

Diarrhea 

Black Box Warning

Black Box Warning 

SAMe carries a black box warning because it might make bipolar disorder symptoms worse. SAMe may cause manic episodes or exacerbate pre-existing manic symptoms in some bipolar patients. 

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindication/Caution: 

Contraindication: 

• SAMe should be avoided by people who have bipolar disorder because it may make their symptoms worse. 
• SAMe might boost dopamine production, which might conflict with Parkinson’s drugs. 
• SAMe’s safety in these populations has not been thoroughly investigated in either breastfeeding mothers or those who are pregnant. 

Caution: 

• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and other antidepressants may interact with SAMe, increasing the risk of serotonin syndrome, a potentially fatal disease. If you are using antidepressants, it’s crucial to consult a doctor before taking SAMe. 
• SAMe may interact negatively with antipsychotic drugs and raise the possibility of negative side effects. 
• SAMe may interact with drugs that influence the central nervous system, such as benzodiazepines and alcohol, raising the possibility of sedation or other negative effects. 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy warnings:     

Pregnancy category: N/A 

Lactation: N/A 

Pregnancy Categories:         

Category A: Studies that were well-controlled and met expectations revealed no risk to the fetus in either the first or second trimester. 

Category B: There were lack of studies on pregnant women and no evidence of risk to the foetus in animal experiments.   

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.    

Category D: adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.   

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.    

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category

Pharmacology

Pharmacology 

SAMe is a naturally occurring substance that plays a key role in numerous critical metabolic reactions in the body. Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT), an enzyme, catalyzes the reaction that produces it from the amino acid methionine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). SAMe is involved in the methyl group transfer process to a variety of compounds, such as proteins, DNA, RNA, and neurotransmitters. 

Pharmacodynamics 

The effects of SAMe on the synthesis of neurotransmitters and other physiological processes, as well as its function as a methyl donor, are all part of its pharmacodynamics. 

The body’s main methyl donor, SAMe, participates in the methylation of proteins, DNA, RNA, and neurotransmitters. Methylation is a crucial process that aids in controlling gene expression, the creation of neurotransmitters, and the metabolism of numerous substances in the body.  

Serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine are just a few of the crucial neurotransmitters that contributes to the creation of SAMe 

Pharmacokinetics 

Absorption   

The small intestine easily absorbs SAMe, which then enters the bloodstream. The presence of food in the digestive system can affect how well SAMe is absorbed, among other things. 

Distribution 

The bloodstream carries SAMe throughout the body. It can penetrate the central nervous system and cross the blood-brain barrier, where it may have an impact on the synthesis of neurotransmitters and other physiological processes. 

Metabolism 

The liver and other organs metabolise SAMe. It is dissected into its constituent methionine, adenosine, and homocysteine molecules. The body might then continue to metabolise or remove these compounds. 

Elimination and excretion 

The kidneys and the digestive system are responsible for removing SAMe and its metabolites from the body. The factors like age, kidney function and other medical problems all have an impact on the clearance of SAMe and its metabolites. 

Adminstartion

Administration:  

SAMe is a dietary supplement that can be purchased and is normally taken orally. There are several different forms of it, including tablets, capsules, and powders. 

SAMe is often consumed without food because eating can affect how well it absorbs. Additionally, it’s crucial to avoid taking SAMe with alcohol because alcohol raises the possibility of negative effects. 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name: SAMe 

Why do we use SAMe? 

SAMe has been demonstrated to have antidepressant characteristics, making it potentially beneficial for people who suffer from depression or other mood disorders. 

For people with osteoarthritis or other joint disorders, SAMe may be beneficial because its benefits on joint health have been examined. SAMe may help in easing pain and swelling while enhancing joint flexibility and mobility. 

For people with liver illness or liver damage, SAMe may be beneficial. SAMe may help in enhancing liver function and defending against liver injury brought on by drugs, alcohol, or other toxins. 

For people with Alzheimer’s disease or other types of cognitive loss, SAMe may help to improve cognitive function.