xylometazoline/ipratropium

Action and Spectrum

Actions and spectrum: 

Ipratropium and xylometazoline. A nasal decongestant called xylometazoline works by constricting the tiny blood vessels in the nose to temporarily relieve stuffiness or congestion. Ipratropium acts as an anticholinergic,which opens up the airways by relaxing the muscles that close them. When combined, they facilitate breathing. 

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency not defined 

Atrial fibrillation 

Cough 

Discomfort in chest 

Dysgeusia 

Dysphonia 

Headache 

Epistaxis 

Headache 

Insomnia 

Laryngospasm 

Larygospasm 

Nasal discomfort 

Hypersensitivity reactions 

Nasal ulceration 

Palpitations 

Photopsia 

Rash 

Mydriasis 

Rhinorrhea 

Tremor 

Urticaria 

Black Box Warning

Black Box Warning  

Keep out of reach of children 

Do not spray into or nearby eyes 

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindication/Caution: 

Contraindication: 

Hypersensitivity 

Recent nasal surgeries 

Glaucoma 

Children below 18 years of age 

Caution: 

Cystic fibrosis 

Breastfeeding 

Hypertension 

Recurrent epistaxis 

Paralytic ileus 

Diabetes mellitus 

Hyperthyroidism 

Hypertension 

Phaeochromocytoma 

Pregnancy 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration:  

It is advised to be used with caution in pregnancy 

Lactation:  

Data about the excretion of xylometazoline and ipratropium into breast milk is not known. 

Hence, it should be used with caution in breast feeding mothers. 

Pregnancy categories:  

Category A: Studies that were well-controlled and met expectations revealed no risk to the foetus `in either the first or second trimester. 

Category B: There were a lack of studies on pregnant women and no evidence of risk to the foetus in animal experiments.   

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.    

Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.   

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.    

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category  

Pharmacology

Pharmacology: 

Xylometazoline and ipratropium is a topical nasal decongestant.  

Pharmacodynamics: 

Xylometazoline relieves nasal congestion by unblocking the nasal passages via decreasing swollen blood vessels. 

Ipratropium helps in lowering the production of mucus. 

Pharmacokinetics: 

Limited data available  

Adminstartion

Administration: 

Clean the nostrils 

If using it for the 1st time, prime the pump four times.  

If the use of spray is stopped for longer than 6 days , then repeat the same procedure as said above. 

Spray the solution into each nostril up to three times per day as required 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name: xylometazoline/ipratropium 

Why do we use xylometazoline/ipratropium? 

Xylometazoline/ipratropium is a topical nasal decongestant. It is used to relieve stuffy or blocked nose due to hay fever, colds or allergic rhinitis.