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Background
Androstenedione is a steroid hormone. It contains 19 carbons. It is found in the males and premenopausal female. It produces in the gonads and adrenal glands in postmenopausal females. The production of the androstenedione in adrenal glands affects the ACTH. In gonads, LH/FSH hormone controls the production. Androstenedione is a physiologically inactive hormone. It can convert to testosterone or estrone in the peripheral tissue like adipose tissue and skin.
Indications/Applications
Androstenedione test is performed with the other hormones like:
To diagnose and treatment of PCOS and hyperandrogenism and to monitor the CAH
To diagnose the premature adrenarche
Total testosterone and androstenedione are associated with the PCOS. Serum level of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is connected to androstenedione. Serum level of AMH and count of antral follicle is connected to the total testosterone. The metabolic properties of PCOS were associated with the serum level of SHBG (sex hormone binding globulin).
Reference Range
Every laboratories have different normal range of androstenedione.
The normal level of androstenedione:
| Normal range (ng/dL) | |
| Male | |
| 18 to 30 years | 50 to 220 |
| 31 to 50 years | 40 to 190 |
| 51 to 60 years | 50 to 220 |
| Female | |
| Follicular phase | 35 to 250 |
| Midcycle phase | 60 to 285 |
| Luteal phase | 30 to 235 |
| Post menopausal phase | 20 to 75 |
| Children | |
| 1 to 12 months | 6 to 78 |
| 1 to 4 years | 5 to 51 |
| 5 to 9 years | 6 to 115 |
| 10 to 13 years | 21 to 221 |
| 14 to 17 years | 22 to 225 |
The normal range during the different tanner stage:
Tanner stage I
Male: 0.04 to 0.32 ng/mL
Female: 0.05 to 0.51 ng/mL
Tanner stage II
Male: 0.08 to 0.48 ng/mL
Female: 0.15 to 1.37 ng/mL
Tanner stage III
Male: 0.14 to 0.87 ng/mL
Female: 0.37 to 2.24 ng/mL
Tanner stage IV and V
Male: 0.27 to 1.07 ng/mL
Female: 0.35 to 2.05 ng/mL
Interpretation
Increased level of androstenedione is associated with the conditions like:
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
Deficiency in 21-hydroxylase
Adrenal gland and ovary related androgen secreting tumors
17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
Decreased level of androstenedione is associated with the conditions like:
Form of CAH
Deficiency in 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase
Collection And Panels
Sample type: Serum
Sample collection: Lavender top tube or EDTA tube, red top tube
Rejected samples: Hemolyzed sample
Patient instruction – No need for fasting
Sample storage requirement: Refrigerate the samples. Samples are stable in refrigerate and frozen state for 2 weeks.
Panels: None
References
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/androstenedione
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