Gordonia otitidis causes infections in weak immune people. A study in Spain looked in infection causing Gordonia types from 2005 to 2021. Four species like G. sputi, G. terrae, G. bronchialis, and G. otitidis, caused infections at 86%. Bloodstream infections occurred 22% of the time. Respiratory tract infections occurred 62% of the time. 

One study examined Gordonia‘s antimicrobial resistance. It resulted in resistance to cefoxitin. Different Gordonia species vary with resistance rates like 36.0% for G. terrae and 94.2% for G. sputi. G. bronchialis secA1 lineage II resisted 30.0% of drugs. Gordonia terrae resisted 42.8% of cefepime dose.  

The study of 38 year leukaemia patient got a stem cell transplant. Six months post remission time, high fever was seen. Gordonia grew from his implanted Hickman catheter’s cultures. Short rods resembling Corynebacterium bacteria emerged, identified as G. otitidis via gene sequencing methods. This bacterium infects stem cell transplanted recipients also. 

G. otitidis is a gram positive bacterium that needs oxygen to survive. It falls under the Gordoniaceae family. It doesn’t move around using flagella. It doesn’t form protective spores to reproduce.

The Gordonia genus is closely linked to various bacterial groups like Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Skermania, and Rhodococcus. The otitidis has a median genome size of around 5.27 mb. Its DNA contains 63% to 69% GC content. Some Gordonia species make bright orange or reddish orange colonies. 

In 2005, a Japanese person suffered from external otitis. Researchers naming it as Gordonia otitidis. The strain from this case documented as the reference as CCUG 52243. Some Gordonia strains cause illness, but others like G. otitidis break environmental pollutants to simple binary molecules, aiding biotechnology. 

A study revealed G. otitidis has a KatG gene coding for catalase peroxidase enzyme. Analysis showed otitidis relates to Mycobacterium. Scientists use them as SEA PHAGES hosts to discover new Gordonia bacteriophages. 

Gordonia otitidis adapts by breaking down varied substances like natural or synthetic rubber for nourishment in diverse environments. The secA1 gene resolved species identity confusion by unveiling distinct lineages for G. sputi and G. bronchialis. 

Gordonia otitidis is found in soil and cause infections in humans, making treatment challenging. Scientists lack knowledge on effective medicines against Gordonia. It breaks down pollutants, making it helpful. 

The bacteria Gordonia otitidis has been identified as causing outer ear infections. The pathogen moves and causes infections in the inflamed region of outer ear. Both healthy and those with weakened immunity risk infection through inhaling tiny Gordonia containing droplets. 

G. otitidis causes an inflammatory condition called external otitis, affecting the external ear. Gordonia species cause pneumonia and kidney issues.

The body has defense mechanisms to fight Gordonia. The complement system participates, as these proteins cause rupture in Gordonia cells and destroy them. It assists phagocytosis and directly kills the bacteria. Natural Killer cells destroy the infected cells. 

T cells target the antigens of Gordonia bacteria. B lymphocytes produce antibodies against Gordonia to opsonizing the bacteria. It allows a quick immune response if exposed again. 

Several antibiotics are useful against Gordonia. Defensins are small protein molecules enhance the immunity and combine the body’s defences to combat Gordonia infections. 

Gordonia otitidis is a pathogen that cause disease in people with weakened immune systems. It harms the circulatory system and emerges as bacteraemia. 

Bacteria in the blood is called bacteremia. During it major issues could occur like heart valve infection, brain swelling, stomach lining infection, and lung illness. So, treating G. otitidis infections right away is vital for those with poor immune systems. 

G. otitidis causes local infections in specific body areas. Examples are skin and muscle infections, bone infections, brain abscesses, and breast abscesses. G. otitidis targets anatomical sites and causes disease.

• Mycolic Acid Profile: Mycolic acids present in Gordonia cell walls are analyzed to distinguish Gordonia from other bacteria. 

• Culture test: G. otitidis grows well on ISP 3 and ISP 5 media. ISP 3 medium contains agar, yeast extract, CaCO3, malt extract, glucose, and distilled water. After incubating for 14 days, G. otitidis colonies will appear a pure orange colour. Different Gordonia strains exhibit metabolic versatility by metabolizing various contaminants.  

• 16S rRNA Sequencing: Sequencing the conserved 16S rRNA gene leads to accurate Gordonia identification. Comparing gene sequences of unknown samples with known sequences in databases allows for precise identification of Gordonia otitidis.  

• Biochemical Tests: Several biochemical tests identify Gordonia bacteria. These is by partial acid-fast staining, checking sensitivity or resistance to lysozyme, testing for urea hydrolysis, examining aerial hyphae growth and reductase production. Conducting these assays distinguishes Gordonia from other species. 

• MALDI TOF MS: A fast and trustworthy way to analyze Gordonia otitidis cells is called Matrix-assisted laser Ionization/Desorption Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. It identify & detect the mass patterns of proteins or smaller protein pieces inside the cells. 

• Don’t get exposed to water or dead plants. People with chronic diseases must be cautious during outdoor activities. Those with ongoing treatments need extra care in outdoors. 

• Washing feet and hands is important. Proper wound care and hygiene prevent G. otitidis infections. 

A pediatric case of Gordonia otitidis bacteremia detected by long-term blood culture – ScienceDirect 

Five cases of bacteraemia due to Gordonia species – PubMed (nih.gov)