The epidemiology of Kluyvera ascorbata infection is not well studied, but it is considered a rare and emerging pathogen in humans. According to the web search results, some possible epidemiological features of Kluyvera ascorbata infection are:
The gram-negative bacillus Kluyvera ascorbata is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is part of the average human gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urinary tract flora. Still, it can also be found in the environment, especially in water, soil, sewage, and hospital sinks.
Kluyvera ascorbata can cause various types of infections, such as urinary tract infections, sepsis, bacteremia, diarrhea, soft tissue infections, cholecystitis, peritonitis, intra-abdominal abscesses, pancreatitis, mediastinitis, and urethrorectal fistula. The urinary system is the most often infected organ, followed by the bloodstream.
Kluyvera ascorbata infection can affect adults and children, but it is more common in immunocompromised patients or those with underlying diseases or risk factors. Most cases are nosocomial or healthcare-associated infections.
Kluyvera ascorbata can acquire resistance genes from other bacteria and become multidrug resistant. Most strains are resistant to ampicillin and first- and second-generation cephalosporins. Antimicrobial agents active against most Kluyvera ascorbata strains include third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and carbapenems.
The overall mortality rate of Kluyvera ascorbata infection is about 12%, but it can be higher in cases of sepsis or bacteremia. Kluyvera ascorbata infection requires prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment based on susceptibility testing.
Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Pseudomonadota
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Enterobacterales
Family: Enterobacteriaceae
Genus: Kluyvera
Species: K.ascorbata
Kluyvera ascorbata can be summarized with the following key points:
Bacterium: Kluyvera ascorbata is a bacterium and represents the type species of the Kluyvera genus.
Gram-negative: It is Gram-negative, which means The Gram staining procedure does not retain the stain of crystal violet. It is indicative of its cell wall structure.
Rod-shaped: Kluyvera ascorbata has a rod-shaped or bacillus morphology characterized by a cylindrical shape with rounded ends.
Motile: It exhibits motility, which means it can move by itself using its means of locomotion. This movement is essential for the bacterium to navigate its environment.
Peritrichous flagella: It possesses peritrichous flagella, which are long, thin, whip-like appendages that protrude from all over its surface. These flagella enable Kluyvera ascorbata to swim and move in liquid environments.
There is not any information about the antigenic types of Kluyvera ascorbata. However, I found a research paper that critically reviews all Kluyvera infections reported in the literature and some additional cases.
It states that In the family Enterobacteriaceae, the genus Kluyvera is a relatively recent member that seldom infects people. Although the bacterium has been identified from several clinical specimens, its importance has yet to be determined.
It has alternately been labeled as pathogenic, opportunistic, or saprophytic. Since susceptibility testing, most patients received timely antibiotic care, and overall, the clinical results were positive. Most Kluyvera strains are susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, & aminoglycoside antibiotics.
The pathogenesis of Kluyvera ascorbata is not well understood, but it is a potentially virulent pathogen that can cause infections in various sites, especially in immunocompromised or debilitated hosts.
Some possible factors that may contribute to its pathogenicity are:
It can produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), which confer resistance to many antibiotics, such as ampicillin, extended-spectrum penicillins, and first- and second-generation cephalosporins.
It can obtain resistance genes from different bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), which confers resistance to carbapenems, a class of last-resort antibiotics.
It can adhere to and invade epithelial cells, such as those lining the urinary or biliary tract, and cause inflammation and tissue damage.
It can produce toxins, such as hemolysin and cytotoxin, which can lyse red blood cells and damage host cells.
These factors may enable Kluyvera ascorbata to colonize and infect different anatomic sites, such as the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract, the urinary tract, the soft tissues, the bloodstream, and the biliary tract.
The host defenses of Kluyvera ascorbata are not well understood, but some general mechanisms may be involved in preventing or controlling the infection.
These include:
Physical barriers (like those found in the body’s innate immune system) are skin and mucous membranes), chemical mediators (such as lysozyme and complement), and cellular components (such as neutrophils, macrophages, and natural killer cells) that can recognize and eliminate foreign invaders.
T cells and B cells, among others, make up the lymphocyte component of the adaptive immune system that can produce specific antibodies and cytokines to target and eliminate specific antigens.
The normal flora consists of beneficial microorganisms that colonize the human body and compete with potential pathogens for nutrients and space.
antimicrobial therapy consists of drugs that can inhibit or kill the bacteria by interfering with their cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, DNA replication, or metabolic pathways. However, Kluyvera ascorbata can acquire resistance genes from other bacteria and become multidrug resistant. Therefore, antimicrobial agents active against most Kluyvera ascorbata strains include third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and carbapenems.
The symptoms of Kluyvera ascorbata infection depend on the infection’s place and size.
Cholecystitis: right upper quadrant pain, nausea, vomiting, fever
Peritonitis and intra-abdominal abscess: abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, fever
Pancreatitis: epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, elevated serum amylase and lipase
Mediastinitis: chest pain, dyspnea, fever
Urethrorectal fistula: fecaluria, pneumaturia
You should seek medical attention immediately if you have any symptoms and suspect a Kluyvera ascorbata infection.
Diagnosing Kluyvera ascorbata infection can be challenging due to its rarity and misidentification using conventional methods. Molecular techniques like DNA hybridization, PCR, sequencing, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry are recommended for accurate identification. Isolation from clinical specimens is necessary, typically on blood agar/MacConkey biplates, with characteristic lactose-fermenting, oxidase-negative, and indole-positive colonies. A positive ascorbate test distinguishes its inability to grow at five °C and smaller inhibition zones around carbenicillin and cephalothin disks.
After diagnosis, antimicrobial susceptibility testing is crucial, as Kluyvera ascorbata can acquire multidrug resistance. Most strains are resistant to ampicillin and early-generation cephalosporins. Effective antibiotics include third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and carbapenems.
Kluyvera ascorbata is a bacterium that can cause infections in humans, especially in those who are immunocompromised or have underlying conditions. Some possible measures are:
Keeping yourself clean by regularly washing your hands, especially before and following handling food, going to the toilet, or touching wounds or catheters.
Avoid contact with contaminated water, soil, sewage, or hospital sinks where the bacterium may exist.
Drinking clean and safe water and avoiding raw or undercooked food that may harbor the bacterium.
Seeking medical attention promptly if symptoms of infection occur, such as fever, pain, swelling, redness, pus, or discharge from any site.
Following the prescribed antibiotic regimen as directed by the doctor and completing the entire course of treatment to prevent resistance or recurrence of infection.
Informing the doctor of any allergies or previous reactions to antibiotics and reporting any adverse effects or signs of worsening infection during treatment.
Kluyvera ascorbata – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Urinary Tract Infection Caused by Kluyvera ascorbata | Consultant360
The epidemiology of Kluyvera ascorbata infection is not well studied, but it is considered a rare and emerging pathogen in humans. According to the web search results, some possible epidemiological features of Kluyvera ascorbata infection are:
The gram-negative bacillus Kluyvera ascorbata is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is part of the average human gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urinary tract flora. Still, it can also be found in the environment, especially in water, soil, sewage, and hospital sinks.
Kluyvera ascorbata can cause various types of infections, such as urinary tract infections, sepsis, bacteremia, diarrhea, soft tissue infections, cholecystitis, peritonitis, intra-abdominal abscesses, pancreatitis, mediastinitis, and urethrorectal fistula. The urinary system is the most often infected organ, followed by the bloodstream.
Kluyvera ascorbata infection can affect adults and children, but it is more common in immunocompromised patients or those with underlying diseases or risk factors. Most cases are nosocomial or healthcare-associated infections.
Kluyvera ascorbata can acquire resistance genes from other bacteria and become multidrug resistant. Most strains are resistant to ampicillin and first- and second-generation cephalosporins. Antimicrobial agents active against most Kluyvera ascorbata strains include third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and carbapenems.
The overall mortality rate of Kluyvera ascorbata infection is about 12%, but it can be higher in cases of sepsis or bacteremia. Kluyvera ascorbata infection requires prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment based on susceptibility testing.
Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Pseudomonadota
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Enterobacterales
Family: Enterobacteriaceae
Genus: Kluyvera
Species: K.ascorbata
Kluyvera ascorbata can be summarized with the following key points:
Bacterium: Kluyvera ascorbata is a bacterium and represents the type species of the Kluyvera genus.
Gram-negative: It is Gram-negative, which means The Gram staining procedure does not retain the stain of crystal violet. It is indicative of its cell wall structure.
Rod-shaped: Kluyvera ascorbata has a rod-shaped or bacillus morphology characterized by a cylindrical shape with rounded ends.
Motile: It exhibits motility, which means it can move by itself using its means of locomotion. This movement is essential for the bacterium to navigate its environment.
Peritrichous flagella: It possesses peritrichous flagella, which are long, thin, whip-like appendages that protrude from all over its surface. These flagella enable Kluyvera ascorbata to swim and move in liquid environments.
There is not any information about the antigenic types of Kluyvera ascorbata. However, I found a research paper that critically reviews all Kluyvera infections reported in the literature and some additional cases.
It states that In the family Enterobacteriaceae, the genus Kluyvera is a relatively recent member that seldom infects people. Although the bacterium has been identified from several clinical specimens, its importance has yet to be determined.
It has alternately been labeled as pathogenic, opportunistic, or saprophytic. Since susceptibility testing, most patients received timely antibiotic care, and overall, the clinical results were positive. Most Kluyvera strains are susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, & aminoglycoside antibiotics.
The pathogenesis of Kluyvera ascorbata is not well understood, but it is a potentially virulent pathogen that can cause infections in various sites, especially in immunocompromised or debilitated hosts.
Some possible factors that may contribute to its pathogenicity are:
It can produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), which confer resistance to many antibiotics, such as ampicillin, extended-spectrum penicillins, and first- and second-generation cephalosporins.
It can obtain resistance genes from different bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), which confers resistance to carbapenems, a class of last-resort antibiotics.
It can adhere to and invade epithelial cells, such as those lining the urinary or biliary tract, and cause inflammation and tissue damage.
It can produce toxins, such as hemolysin and cytotoxin, which can lyse red blood cells and damage host cells.
These factors may enable Kluyvera ascorbata to colonize and infect different anatomic sites, such as the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract, the urinary tract, the soft tissues, the bloodstream, and the biliary tract.
The host defenses of Kluyvera ascorbata are not well understood, but some general mechanisms may be involved in preventing or controlling the infection.
These include:
Physical barriers (like those found in the body’s innate immune system) are skin and mucous membranes), chemical mediators (such as lysozyme and complement), and cellular components (such as neutrophils, macrophages, and natural killer cells) that can recognize and eliminate foreign invaders.
T cells and B cells, among others, make up the lymphocyte component of the adaptive immune system that can produce specific antibodies and cytokines to target and eliminate specific antigens.
The normal flora consists of beneficial microorganisms that colonize the human body and compete with potential pathogens for nutrients and space.
antimicrobial therapy consists of drugs that can inhibit or kill the bacteria by interfering with their cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, DNA replication, or metabolic pathways. However, Kluyvera ascorbata can acquire resistance genes from other bacteria and become multidrug resistant. Therefore, antimicrobial agents active against most Kluyvera ascorbata strains include third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and carbapenems.
The symptoms of Kluyvera ascorbata infection depend on the infection’s place and size.
Cholecystitis: right upper quadrant pain, nausea, vomiting, fever
Peritonitis and intra-abdominal abscess: abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, fever
Pancreatitis: epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, elevated serum amylase and lipase
Mediastinitis: chest pain, dyspnea, fever
Urethrorectal fistula: fecaluria, pneumaturia
You should seek medical attention immediately if you have any symptoms and suspect a Kluyvera ascorbata infection.
Diagnosing Kluyvera ascorbata infection can be challenging due to its rarity and misidentification using conventional methods. Molecular techniques like DNA hybridization, PCR, sequencing, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry are recommended for accurate identification. Isolation from clinical specimens is necessary, typically on blood agar/MacConkey biplates, with characteristic lactose-fermenting, oxidase-negative, and indole-positive colonies. A positive ascorbate test distinguishes its inability to grow at five °C and smaller inhibition zones around carbenicillin and cephalothin disks.
After diagnosis, antimicrobial susceptibility testing is crucial, as Kluyvera ascorbata can acquire multidrug resistance. Most strains are resistant to ampicillin and early-generation cephalosporins. Effective antibiotics include third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and carbapenems.
Kluyvera ascorbata is a bacterium that can cause infections in humans, especially in those who are immunocompromised or have underlying conditions. Some possible measures are:
Keeping yourself clean by regularly washing your hands, especially before and following handling food, going to the toilet, or touching wounds or catheters.
Avoid contact with contaminated water, soil, sewage, or hospital sinks where the bacterium may exist.
Drinking clean and safe water and avoiding raw or undercooked food that may harbor the bacterium.
Seeking medical attention promptly if symptoms of infection occur, such as fever, pain, swelling, redness, pus, or discharge from any site.
Following the prescribed antibiotic regimen as directed by the doctor and completing the entire course of treatment to prevent resistance or recurrence of infection.
Informing the doctor of any allergies or previous reactions to antibiotics and reporting any adverse effects or signs of worsening infection during treatment.
Kluyvera ascorbata – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Urinary Tract Infection Caused by Kluyvera ascorbata | Consultant360
The epidemiology of Kluyvera ascorbata infection is not well studied, but it is considered a rare and emerging pathogen in humans. According to the web search results, some possible epidemiological features of Kluyvera ascorbata infection are:
The gram-negative bacillus Kluyvera ascorbata is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is part of the average human gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urinary tract flora. Still, it can also be found in the environment, especially in water, soil, sewage, and hospital sinks.
Kluyvera ascorbata can cause various types of infections, such as urinary tract infections, sepsis, bacteremia, diarrhea, soft tissue infections, cholecystitis, peritonitis, intra-abdominal abscesses, pancreatitis, mediastinitis, and urethrorectal fistula. The urinary system is the most often infected organ, followed by the bloodstream.
Kluyvera ascorbata infection can affect adults and children, but it is more common in immunocompromised patients or those with underlying diseases or risk factors. Most cases are nosocomial or healthcare-associated infections.
Kluyvera ascorbata can acquire resistance genes from other bacteria and become multidrug resistant. Most strains are resistant to ampicillin and first- and second-generation cephalosporins. Antimicrobial agents active against most Kluyvera ascorbata strains include third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and carbapenems.
The overall mortality rate of Kluyvera ascorbata infection is about 12%, but it can be higher in cases of sepsis or bacteremia. Kluyvera ascorbata infection requires prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment based on susceptibility testing.
Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Pseudomonadota
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Enterobacterales
Family: Enterobacteriaceae
Genus: Kluyvera
Species: K.ascorbata
Kluyvera ascorbata can be summarized with the following key points:
Bacterium: Kluyvera ascorbata is a bacterium and represents the type species of the Kluyvera genus.
Gram-negative: It is Gram-negative, which means The Gram staining procedure does not retain the stain of crystal violet. It is indicative of its cell wall structure.
Rod-shaped: Kluyvera ascorbata has a rod-shaped or bacillus morphology characterized by a cylindrical shape with rounded ends.
Motile: It exhibits motility, which means it can move by itself using its means of locomotion. This movement is essential for the bacterium to navigate its environment.
Peritrichous flagella: It possesses peritrichous flagella, which are long, thin, whip-like appendages that protrude from all over its surface. These flagella enable Kluyvera ascorbata to swim and move in liquid environments.
There is not any information about the antigenic types of Kluyvera ascorbata. However, I found a research paper that critically reviews all Kluyvera infections reported in the literature and some additional cases.
It states that In the family Enterobacteriaceae, the genus Kluyvera is a relatively recent member that seldom infects people. Although the bacterium has been identified from several clinical specimens, its importance has yet to be determined.
It has alternately been labeled as pathogenic, opportunistic, or saprophytic. Since susceptibility testing, most patients received timely antibiotic care, and overall, the clinical results were positive. Most Kluyvera strains are susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, & aminoglycoside antibiotics.
The pathogenesis of Kluyvera ascorbata is not well understood, but it is a potentially virulent pathogen that can cause infections in various sites, especially in immunocompromised or debilitated hosts.
Some possible factors that may contribute to its pathogenicity are:
It can produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), which confer resistance to many antibiotics, such as ampicillin, extended-spectrum penicillins, and first- and second-generation cephalosporins.
It can obtain resistance genes from different bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), which confers resistance to carbapenems, a class of last-resort antibiotics.
It can adhere to and invade epithelial cells, such as those lining the urinary or biliary tract, and cause inflammation and tissue damage.
It can produce toxins, such as hemolysin and cytotoxin, which can lyse red blood cells and damage host cells.
These factors may enable Kluyvera ascorbata to colonize and infect different anatomic sites, such as the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract, the urinary tract, the soft tissues, the bloodstream, and the biliary tract.
The host defenses of Kluyvera ascorbata are not well understood, but some general mechanisms may be involved in preventing or controlling the infection.
These include:
Physical barriers (like those found in the body’s innate immune system) are skin and mucous membranes), chemical mediators (such as lysozyme and complement), and cellular components (such as neutrophils, macrophages, and natural killer cells) that can recognize and eliminate foreign invaders.
T cells and B cells, among others, make up the lymphocyte component of the adaptive immune system that can produce specific antibodies and cytokines to target and eliminate specific antigens.
The normal flora consists of beneficial microorganisms that colonize the human body and compete with potential pathogens for nutrients and space.
antimicrobial therapy consists of drugs that can inhibit or kill the bacteria by interfering with their cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, DNA replication, or metabolic pathways. However, Kluyvera ascorbata can acquire resistance genes from other bacteria and become multidrug resistant. Therefore, antimicrobial agents active against most Kluyvera ascorbata strains include third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and carbapenems.
The symptoms of Kluyvera ascorbata infection depend on the infection’s place and size.
Cholecystitis: right upper quadrant pain, nausea, vomiting, fever
Peritonitis and intra-abdominal abscess: abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, fever
Pancreatitis: epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, elevated serum amylase and lipase
Mediastinitis: chest pain, dyspnea, fever
Urethrorectal fistula: fecaluria, pneumaturia
You should seek medical attention immediately if you have any symptoms and suspect a Kluyvera ascorbata infection.
Diagnosing Kluyvera ascorbata infection can be challenging due to its rarity and misidentification using conventional methods. Molecular techniques like DNA hybridization, PCR, sequencing, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry are recommended for accurate identification. Isolation from clinical specimens is necessary, typically on blood agar/MacConkey biplates, with characteristic lactose-fermenting, oxidase-negative, and indole-positive colonies. A positive ascorbate test distinguishes its inability to grow at five °C and smaller inhibition zones around carbenicillin and cephalothin disks.
After diagnosis, antimicrobial susceptibility testing is crucial, as Kluyvera ascorbata can acquire multidrug resistance. Most strains are resistant to ampicillin and early-generation cephalosporins. Effective antibiotics include third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and carbapenems.
Kluyvera ascorbata is a bacterium that can cause infections in humans, especially in those who are immunocompromised or have underlying conditions. Some possible measures are:
Keeping yourself clean by regularly washing your hands, especially before and following handling food, going to the toilet, or touching wounds or catheters.
Avoid contact with contaminated water, soil, sewage, or hospital sinks where the bacterium may exist.
Drinking clean and safe water and avoiding raw or undercooked food that may harbor the bacterium.
Seeking medical attention promptly if symptoms of infection occur, such as fever, pain, swelling, redness, pus, or discharge from any site.
Following the prescribed antibiotic regimen as directed by the doctor and completing the entire course of treatment to prevent resistance or recurrence of infection.
Informing the doctor of any allergies or previous reactions to antibiotics and reporting any adverse effects or signs of worsening infection during treatment.
Kluyvera ascorbata – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Urinary Tract Infection Caused by Kluyvera ascorbata | Consultant360
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