Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

Updated : December 17, 2024

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Background

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is a modern therapy involves combination mindfulness and behaviour change to help individuals live more meaningful and fulfilling lives.

ACT aims to promote flexibility by being open to experience and taking value-driven action despite challenging emotions.

Steven C. Hayes and colleagues created ACT in 1980s as an extension of earlier CBT therapies.

ACT based on functional contextualism studies behaviour in context for meaningful change.

ACT is based on RFT which studies how humans connect concepts. This can create negative thought cycles that lead to distress.

Promotes acceptance of challenging thoughts, feelings, and sensations without resistance. Uses mindfulness techniques to reduce past regrets and future anxieties.

Promotes detached observation to foster stable self-separate from momentary experiences for self-improvement.

Indications

Anxiety Disorders

Mood Disorders

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Stress Management

Substance Use Disorders

Chronic Pain and Health Conditions

Contraindications

Severe Cognitive Impairments

Acute Psychosis

Severe Emotional Dysregulation

Acute Suicidality

Lack of Insight or Motivation

Cultural or Personal Incompatibility

Intolerance for Distress

Outcomes

Equipment required

Therapeutic Environment Setup

Visual Aids and Metaphors

Behavioral Tracking Tools

Patient Preparation:

Introduction of psychological flexibility, the core processes of acceptance, defusion, mindfulness, self-as-context, values, and committed action, and the focus of ACT on changing thoughts and feelings.

ACT uses practical mindfulness techniques instead of long mediation. Acceptance involves making space for emotions to reduce their power.

Address doubts about process collaboratively and connect ACT principles with patient’s goals through MI.

Patient Positioning:

Patient should comfortably in neutral posture for support and attentive ease during appointments.

Chairs should be arranged for effective non-confrontational face-to-face communication.

Acceptance techniques:

Visualize thoughts as leaves floating down a stream, then acknowledge the patient without trying to control them.

Guide patients to identify a specific feeling and allow it to be present without resistance.

Use metaphors to show how resisting emotions intensifies distress and encourages willingness to “turn off the struggle.”

Cognitive Diffusion Techniques:

Patient should repeat a problematic word aloud until it loses its emotional charge.

When a distressing thought occurs, practice thanking the mind for its input to detach from the thought.

Encourage patients to precede negative thoughts with this phrase to create distance and recognize thoughts as mental events.

Complications:

Emotional distress

Resistance to techniques

Increased avoidance

Misapplication of therapy

Therapist-Patient misalignment

Challenges with cognitive impairments

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Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

Updated : December 17, 2024

Mail Whatsapp PDF Image



Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is a modern therapy involves combination mindfulness and behaviour change to help individuals live more meaningful and fulfilling lives.

ACT aims to promote flexibility by being open to experience and taking value-driven action despite challenging emotions.

Steven C. Hayes and colleagues created ACT in 1980s as an extension of earlier CBT therapies.

ACT based on functional contextualism studies behaviour in context for meaningful change.

ACT is based on RFT which studies how humans connect concepts. This can create negative thought cycles that lead to distress.

Promotes acceptance of challenging thoughts, feelings, and sensations without resistance. Uses mindfulness techniques to reduce past regrets and future anxieties.

Promotes detached observation to foster stable self-separate from momentary experiences for self-improvement.

Anxiety Disorders

Mood Disorders

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Stress Management

Substance Use Disorders

Chronic Pain and Health Conditions

Severe Cognitive Impairments

Acute Psychosis

Severe Emotional Dysregulation

Acute Suicidality

Lack of Insight or Motivation

Cultural or Personal Incompatibility

Intolerance for Distress

Equipment required

Therapeutic Environment Setup

Visual Aids and Metaphors

Behavioral Tracking Tools

Patient Preparation:

Introduction of psychological flexibility, the core processes of acceptance, defusion, mindfulness, self-as-context, values, and committed action, and the focus of ACT on changing thoughts and feelings.

ACT uses practical mindfulness techniques instead of long mediation. Acceptance involves making space for emotions to reduce their power.

Address doubts about process collaboratively and connect ACT principles with patient’s goals through MI.

Patient Positioning:

Patient should comfortably in neutral posture for support and attentive ease during appointments.

Chairs should be arranged for effective non-confrontational face-to-face communication.

Acceptance techniques:

Visualize thoughts as leaves floating down a stream, then acknowledge the patient without trying to control them.

Guide patients to identify a specific feeling and allow it to be present without resistance.

Use metaphors to show how resisting emotions intensifies distress and encourages willingness to “turn off the struggle.”

Cognitive Diffusion Techniques:

Patient should repeat a problematic word aloud until it loses its emotional charge.

When a distressing thought occurs, practice thanking the mind for its input to detach from the thought.

Encourage patients to precede negative thoughts with this phrase to create distance and recognize thoughts as mental events.

Complications:

Emotional distress

Resistance to techniques

Increased avoidance

Misapplication of therapy

Therapist-Patient misalignment

Challenges with cognitive impairments

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