Small bowel biopsy obtains tissue samples from the small intestine. It is used to investigate gastrointestinal symptoms and diagnose conditions.
It is performed during gastrointestinal endoscopy or capsule endoscopy in specific cases.
Biopsies are commonly taken from the accessible duodenum during endoscopy.
Small bowel biopsy evaluates malabsorption through routine procedure.
The Crosby-Kugler capsule allows one biopsy per session, while hydraulic biopsy tubes enable multiple biopsies from different levels of the small bowel.
Celiac disease causes villous remodelling and lymphocytosis, but various conditions can mimic its histologic features.
Indications
Malabsorption Syndromes
Chronic Diarrhea and Weight Loss
Inflammatory Disorders
Iron-Deficiency Anemia
Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Neoplastic Disorders
Contraindications
Perforation of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Severe Coagulopathy
Hemodynamic Instability
Severe Obstruction
Acute Infection or Inflammation
Severe Cardiopulmonary Conditions
Recent Gastrointestinal Surgery
Radiation Enteritis
Outcomes
Baseline and follow-up data assess disease progression or remission, though biopsies may yield inconclusive results occasionally.
Early diagnosis improves treatment and prognosis outcomes. Baseline and follow-up data assess disease progression.
Small bowel biopsies offer diagnostic insights into causes of gastrointestinal symptoms and disorders.
It offers conclusive proof for conditions like celiac disease and evaluates treatment efficacy including gluten-free diet responses.
Equipment required
Endoscopy System
Light Source and Camera
Suction and Air Insufflation System
Sedation and Monitoring Equipment
Biopsy Forceps
Patient Preparation
It includes medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests as part of patient preparation.
Avoid food and drink for 6–8 hours prior to reduce aspiration risk.
Informed Consent:
Explain the procedure’s purpose, risks, and potential complications clearly to the patient or guardians.
Patient Positioning
Patient lies left lateral for endoscopic access to upper GI.
           Â
Small bowel biopsy
Technique
For Standard Endoscopy:
Step 1: Insertion:
Endoscope inserted through mouth to duodenum for examination.
Step 2: Visualization:
The endoscopist examines the duodenal mucosa for abnormalities.
Step 3: Tissue Sampling:
Biopsy forceps are used through the endoscope’s channel to collect tissue samples from the duodenum.
For Deep Small Bowel Biopsy:
Capsule Endoscopy:
It is non-invasive method cannot perform diagnostic biopsies.
Double-Balloon Enteroscopy (DBE):
Specialized endoscopy technique employs dual balloons for deep small bowel navigation and sampling.
Surgical Biopsy:
Laparoscopy or open surgery for inaccessible areas.
Small bowel biopsy obtains tissue samples from the small intestine. It is used to investigate gastrointestinal symptoms and diagnose conditions.
It is performed during gastrointestinal endoscopy or capsule endoscopy in specific cases.
Biopsies are commonly taken from the accessible duodenum during endoscopy.
Small bowel biopsy evaluates malabsorption through routine procedure.
The Crosby-Kugler capsule allows one biopsy per session, while hydraulic biopsy tubes enable multiple biopsies from different levels of the small bowel.
Celiac disease causes villous remodelling and lymphocytosis, but various conditions can mimic its histologic features.
Malabsorption Syndromes
Chronic Diarrhea and Weight Loss
Inflammatory Disorders
Iron-Deficiency Anemia
Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Neoplastic Disorders
Perforation of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Severe Coagulopathy
Hemodynamic Instability
Severe Obstruction
Acute Infection or Inflammation
Severe Cardiopulmonary Conditions
Recent Gastrointestinal Surgery
Radiation Enteritis
Baseline and follow-up data assess disease progression or remission, though biopsies may yield inconclusive results occasionally.
Early diagnosis improves treatment and prognosis outcomes. Baseline and follow-up data assess disease progression.
Small bowel biopsies offer diagnostic insights into causes of gastrointestinal symptoms and disorders.
It offers conclusive proof for conditions like celiac disease and evaluates treatment efficacy including gluten-free diet responses.
Endoscopy System
Light Source and Camera
Suction and Air Insufflation System
Sedation and Monitoring Equipment
Biopsy Forceps
It includes medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests as part of patient preparation.
Avoid food and drink for 6–8 hours prior to reduce aspiration risk.
Informed Consent:
Explain the procedure’s purpose, risks, and potential complications clearly to the patient or guardians.
Patient lies left lateral for endoscopic access to upper GI.
           Â
Small bowel biopsy
For Standard Endoscopy:
Step 1: Insertion:
Endoscope inserted through mouth to duodenum for examination.
Step 2: Visualization:
The endoscopist examines the duodenal mucosa for abnormalities.
Step 3: Tissue Sampling:
Biopsy forceps are used through the endoscope’s channel to collect tissue samples from the duodenum.
For Deep Small Bowel Biopsy:
Capsule Endoscopy:
It is non-invasive method cannot perform diagnostic biopsies.
Double-Balloon Enteroscopy (DBE):
Specialized endoscopy technique employs dual balloons for deep small bowel navigation and sampling.
Surgical Biopsy:
Laparoscopy or open surgery for inaccessible areas.
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