Chondronecrosis larynx a rare condition which occurs due to death or necrosis of laryngeal cartilage. 

Larynx functions include voice production, cough, airway protection, and breathing. 

Causes of dysphonia include intubation, laryngeal trauma, infections, and autoimmune disorders. 

Pressure from tube can cause tissue to damage the necrosis of larynx. 

Early tumors had 2% incidence rate while advanced tumors treated with 4500 to 6000 rads.  

Study incidence higher than clinically observed cases is reaching to 26%.  

Relapsing polychondritis causes laryngotracheal instability seen in patients and Scientist Keene conducted study in 1982 on laryngeal specimens using whole organ. 

Edema from permeability increases and lymphatic drainage decrease limits nutrients.  

Perichondrial membrane breakdown exposes ischemic cartilage to bacteria, causing chondronecrosis if not treated promptly.
Late identification and untreated infection leads to chondronecrosis and
Immune response activation can lead chondritis. 

Endotracheal tube pressure harms laryngeal structures that cause ischemia, inflammation, and cartilage necrosis.  

Head and neck cancer radiation patients face higher larynx chondronecrosis risk.  

Caustic substances or chemicals can damage larynx mucosa and cartilage. 

Cases due to reversible factors like trauma or intubation improve.  

Extensive cartilage necrosis linked to worse outcomes than limited necrosis.
Quickly identify and treat complications to improve larynx chondronecrosis outcomes. 

Adults, middle-aged and elderly individuals most commonly report larynx chondronecrosis. 

Visualization of the Larynx 

Laryngeal Examination 

Respiratory Assessment 

Neck Examination 

Chronic chondronecrosis of the larynx can develop slowly over time, potentially linked to factors like prolonged intubation or autoimmune diseases. 

Chronic cases may worsen suddenly in patients with underlying chondronecrosis of the larynx. 

Early intervention procedures include speech-language therapy, occupational therapy, and applied behavior analysis to give better results in given treatment. 

Rehabilitation therapies such as voice therapy, swallowing therapy, and respiratory exercises are beneficial for patients with chondronecrosis. 

Appointments with medical physicians and preventing recurrence of disorder is an ongoing life-long effort. 

Otolaryngology

Patients with chondronecrosis should avoid exposure to environmental irritants that cause delays in the healing process. 

Education should be given to individuals about cautious with activities that could cause chondronecrosis. 

Patient should stay in adequate conditions with good ventilation, air quality and a clean environment. 

Otolaryngology

Acetaminophen: It is effective to relieve mild to moderate pain which reduces prostaglandin production in the central nervous system. 

Otolaryngology

Ciprofloxacin: It is effective against many bacteria, especially in respiratory infections. 

Otolaryngology

Laryngoscopy: It is a diagnostic procedure to view the larynx and evaluate tissue damage like chondronecrosis. It is performed with help of flexible or rigid endoscopes through the nose or mouth. 

Otolaryngology

In the initial diagnosis phase, the physician assesses symptoms related to necrosis, including laryngoscopy and biopsy to confirm diagnosis of chondronecrosis of larynx. 

In the supportive care and preventive measure phase all necessary steps should be taken by physicians to enhance the quality of life of the patient. 

The long-term management phase is important phase involves continuous monitoring and progress of treatment.